1.若要了解人类染色体的变异,常会用到Karyotype,请说明检视哪一类细胞,分离的方法 及制备过程. 2.请解释以下五个遗传学名词 (1) Multiple alleles (2) Pleiotropy (3) Epistatis (4) Phenotype (5) Genotype 3.在胎儿未出生前,即可对他做遗传缺陷的检验,通常用两个方法,即 Aminocentesis 及 Chorionic villus sampling,请详细说明其原理及步骤. 4.雌性哺乳动物在胎儿发育期有个特殊现象,X-inactivation,请说明其过程及意义. 5.请叙述及绘图说明 DNA replicaiton 的详细过程,并说明参与分子的特色. 6.以下五种生物被称为发育生物学的 Model organisms: Danio rerio, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, Arabidopsis thaliana 及 Mus musculus,请分别写出其中文名字及简述其特点. 7.请以果蝇为例,说明 Maternal effect genes 及 Homeotic genes的特色. 8.请深入讨论 "Natural selection maintains sexual reproduction"这句话的涵义. 9.You are planning to study a gene that codes for an immuno-regulatory protein in mouse. You know the amino acid sequence of the protein. Explain how you may (1)identify the gene expressed in a specific type of white blood cells (WBC), (2)identify the gene for the regulatory peptide, (3)produce multiple copies of the gene for stude, and (4)produce a quantity of regulatory protein for evaluation as a potential drug. 10.The following is a messenger RNA (mRNA) you have identified in E. coli responding to a stimulatory treatment. 5'-UUUGGCAUGAAAUGGAUUAAAUGGAUUUAAUAG-3' (1)Put down the sequence of the gene (dsDNA) that codes for this RNA, and label (a)The 5' and 3' ends (b)The positive and negative strand (c)The sense and antisense strand (d)The "template" strand (2)What is the amino acid sequence? 11.Although the basic transcrtption and traslation processes in procaryotic and eucaryotic cells are similar, there are major differences, especially in the regulatory aspects(蛋白质表现之调控有重大的差异). Please compare the similarities and differences of these two processes in procaryotes and eucaryotes. --

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