.一、 美国航管人员工时问题，导致出现上班打瞌睡後遗症，目前只能说防不胜防 。 二、 内文: Another air traffic controller is caught sleeping on the job and now the FAA is putting more new rules into place. The Federal Aviation Administration says the worker apparently fell asleep on duty early Saturday morning at a radar facility in Miami. “We can make changes, but when these controllers come to work they have to take personal responsibility for the fact that they are guiding planes in and out of airports. It has to be done safely, they have to be well rested and they have to be alert,” the FAA and Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood explained. Multiple examples of controllers sleeping while on duty have surfaced in recent weeks to the embarrassment of the FAA and the Transportation Dept. The FAA and DOT have already brought in new staffing rules to ensure controllers do not work alone during night shifts, and Chief Operating Officer Hank Krakowski has resigned. Dr. William Fishbein, a neuroscientist at the City University of New York, said that when people work odd shifts "it mucks up their biological rhythms." People who change shifts every few days are going to have all kinds of problems related to memory and learning, Fishbein said. A NASA study suggested that pilots on long-distance flights would perform much better if given a chance to take a scheduled nap, as long the rest was planned and the both pilots didn't sleep at the same time. 三、 多益英检文法整理 1. air traffic controller:机场塔台人员，FAA: 联邦航空管理局（The Federal Aviation Administration），radar(N):雷达，surface(V、N):浮现、表面， embarrassment(N):尴尬，resign(V):辞职，neuroscientist(N):神经学家，odd(adj):奇 怪的、反常的，shift(N):改变、工时，muck up:弄得很糟，biological(adj):生理的， nap(N):瞌睡。 2. 不管是sleep、fall asleep或nap都是指打瞌睡的意思，on the job则是指 「工作时候」，等於on duty，当然这件事发生的後者，就是睡觉打瞌睡，发生在airport ，当然就更引起大家关心。所以，airport authority(交通运输主管单位)包括FAA与 Transportation Dept(美国交通部)都必须对此表示意见。 3. 这里提出导致塔台人员打瞌睡的原因，除了工作时间night shift(值晚班) 或是odd shift(时间较与常人不同的班别)与change shift(轮班)造成，lack of sleep( 缺乏适当的睡觉时间)或deprived of sleep与biological rhythm(生理时钟)都是真正问 题。 4. being caught Ving是指做某件事被其他人发现。 A. She was caught smoking in the bathroom. (她被发现在盥洗室里抽烟。) 5. put rules in place是通过法案之意，等於bring in rule或是 pass(introduce) rule。 A. The government wants to bring in a new bill to limit fish exports. (政府想提出一项降低渔获量出口的新法案。) ＝The government wants to put a new bill in place to limit fish exports. ＝The government wants to pass a new bill to limit fish exports. ＝The government wants to introduce a new bill to limit fish exports. .更多见 http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/raymondchuang-toeic/ --

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