大家好，我是J2. 前几个礼拜T同学来我机经班顾问时间，说她阅读很不稳定， 也说到会用考满分分题型的方式练习，发现自己比较不稳定的是细节、排 除、推理题。 刚好当天有多的时间了解她的状况，於是稍微询问一下背景。这位同学其实 实力不错，多益9xx分。 T也有申请考满分帐号纪录自己的答题状况，索性就直接开个几个她曾经做 错的题目，帮同学解答一下。 我们先看了细节题,T同学固定10题会错2题，其实正确率有高达八成。 以下的题目同学也可以先试做看看，看会不会碰到跟这位同学同样的问题： TPO24 Breathing During Sleep paragraph5: Other respiratory regulating mechanisms apparently cease functioning during sleep. For example, during wakefulness there is an immediate, automatic, adaptive increase in breathing effort when inhaling is made more difficult (such as breathing through a restrictive face mask). This reflexive adjustment is totally absent during NREM sleep. Only after several inadequate breaths under such conditions, resulting in the considerable elevation of carbon dioxide and reduction of oxygen in the blood, is breathing effort adjusted. Finally, the coughing reflex in reaction to irritants in the airway produces not a cough during sleep but a cessation of breathing. If the irritation is severe enough, a sleeping person will arouse, clear the airway, then resume breathing and likely return to sleep. 7. According to paragraph 5, what happens during NREM sleep when inhaling is difficult? A) There is an immediate, automatic, adaptive increase in breathing effort. B) The sleeping person takes several inadequate breaths before the breathing effort is adjusted. C) The coughing reflex causes the breathing effort to adjust. D) The airways become cleared as the blood removes irritants. 这位同学作题的方式跟很多同学一样，先看题目问什麽，再用题目问的关键 字去定位回去文章找答案，她看这题题目问的是when inhaling is difficult, 就直接选了 A) There is an immediate, automatic, adaptive increase in breathing effort. 但并没有仔细看题目问的其实 是during NREM, 所以答案应该是 B) The sleeping person takes several inadequate breaths before the breathing effort is adjusted. 文章有 提到This reflexive adjustment is totally absent during NREM sleep. Only after several inadequate breaths under such conditions, resulting in the considerable elevation of carbon dioxide and reduction of oxygen in the blood, is breathing effort adjusted. 看到这里，或许有些同学已经知道我想表达的重点是什麽。这位同学她觉得 自己的问题在於细节（因为考满分就是这样分类的），但其实跟T同学一起 重新看过就知道，这位同学在这题所犯的错误就是太急着要用题目的关键字 找答案，而忽略了重点，其实跟这题是「细节题」没有太大的关联。我先声 明不代表看题目回文章找答案的方式不好，只是很多同学都会有因此只看 「片段」资讯的问题，因而没有得到完整资讯而选错答案。 简单来说，这个题目并非是因为细节题而错，只是同学漏看了讯息而错，如 果是这样，就算是以题目来找答案的作法，还是要把段落尽量看完， 不要只有看关键字那附近的几句话。 不要只有看关键字那附近的几句话。 不要只有看关键字那附近的几句话。 很重要所以说三遍 接下来这位同学找出了另外一题问我，同学也可以试做看看，如下： TPO4 Petroleum Resources Paragraph 4: As oil becomes increasingly difficult to find, the search for it is extended into more-hostile environments. The development of the oil field on the North Slope of Alaska and the construction of the Alaska pipeline are examples of the great expense and difficulty involved in new oil discoveries. Offshore drilling platforms extend the search for oil to the ocean’s continental shelves—those gently sloping submarine regions at the edges of the continents. More than one-quarter of the world’s oil and almost one-fifth of the world’s natural gas come from offshore, even though offshore drilling is six to seven times more expensive than drilling on land. A significant part of this oil and gas comes from under the North Sea between Great Britain and Norway. 7．Which of the following strategies for oil exploration is described in paragraph 4? A) Drilling under the ocean’s surface B) Limiting drilling to accessible locations C) Using highly sophisticated drilling equipment D) Constructing technologically advanced drilling platforms 这题刚好是无法「从题目关键字找答案」的一个例子。题目问的是oil exploration, 但同学应该可以很快的发现到在文章中找不到oil exploration完全一样的字眼，所以这题简单来说其实就是在问读者：「根 据第四段，以下何者正确？」而已，所以难以用定位的方式找答案，必须把 整段都看完，才能确定哪三个选项是错的或未提及的，哪一个是正确的。 T同学因为觉得自己阅读速度不够快，快速的扫了一下後选了 B) Limiting drilling to accessible locations, 她解释虽然有讲到 the search for oil is extended into more-hostile environments, 但North Slope of Alaska, construction of Alaska pipeline还有offshore drilling platforms既然已经能建造完成，不是就是到的了(accessible)的地方吗？ 所以她觉得B选项是对的。同学可能已经知道B说的Limiting drilling to accessible locations指的是原本可到的了(accessible)的地方，很显然跟 文章的概念是相反的。T同学也说他有看考满分下面的解答解释，也只有说 跟文章意思相反，让她百思不解，直到我跟他解释了才懂。 看到这边同学有抓到T同学犯了什麽错误了吗？第一个问题跟前面一样，同 样是很急着找答案，根本没把文章看完，所以漏掉後面的 A significant part of this oil and gas comes from under the North Sea between Great Britain and Norway. 但第二个问题就是卡在accessible这个字！没错，这位同学其实整段文章都 看得懂，毕竟实力不差，但就是卡在这个字的意思！这个字相信大多数同学 一定都认得，但是在消化後的资讯却每个人都会不太一样。 这样的问题其实很多同学都有，已经有太多同学找我来问问题， 後来发现就是那「一字之差」误会了整句话的意思，当然就会选错答案。 同学这时候当然就会想问：那该怎麽办？为何会误会一个字、或一整句话的 意思呢？要怎麽「解决」这个问题？我想也别无二法，就是一直多看，渐渐 地自己理解的意思就能够跟作者原意更接近，也没有其他方法了。这当然需 要时间，不过同学至少要因此能自己找出问题的所在！快速一点的方式当然 就是不确定就找人问，找老师、同学都可，一定要厘清自己在这题错误的点在哪里！ T同学随後问了最後一个「细节题」： TPO31 Savanna Formation In many characteristics, savanna soils are similar to those of some rain forests, though more extreme. For example, savanna soils, like many rain forest soils, are typically oxisols (dominated by certain oxide minerals) and ultisols (soils containing no calcium carbonate), with a high acidity and notably low concentrations of such minerals as phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and potassium, while aluminum levels are high. Some savannas occur on wet, waterlogged soils; others on dry, sandy, well-drained soils. This may seem contradictory, but it only means that extreme soil conditions, either too wet or too dry for forests, are satisfactory for savannas. More moderate conditions support moist forests. According to paragraph 3, rain forests and savannas differ in that: A）The soils in rain forests contain fewer minerals than savanna soils do B）Savannas affect soil conditions more than rain forests do C）Unlike rain forests, savannas prefer sandy, well-drained soils to soils that are very wet D）Unlike rain forests, savannas may develop under both very dry and very wet soil conditions T同学直接把正确选项 D) 排除掉，因为她觉得both very dry and very wet soil conditions是同时存在的情况，也就是savannas可以同时在很乾 跟很湿的情况发展，误会了其实原句要表达的意思是savanna可以在很乾或 很湿的「两种情况」下都可以存在，所以也只是误会了both的意思而已。 这类问题跟第二个问题很像，是对於某个字的理解不同，这题更可惜的是T 同学整段也看完了，没有漏掉什麽资讯，原段落意思也都完全理解，但误会 了「选项」的其中一个字的意思，而导致误会而选错答案。 上述问题虽属T同学个案，无法代表所有同学，但根据自己教学经验，某位 同学有的问题，有极大可能性就是其他同学也有的问题，所以特别写了这篇 文章分享给大家。同学往後在看文章、作题不妨想想：你的答题率真的是因 为题型而有所影响吗？细节题？推论题？排除题？依照上述例子追根究柢， 找到自己真正问题在哪，才有解决问题的可能性、一次一次的解决，方能持 续进步！ 下个月有一场免费公开课，课後也欢迎同学带自己题目来，帮助你找到自己真 正问题症结所在喔！ 公开课主题：真题机经 X 高分口说公开课 日期：2017/5/8（一） 时间：19:00- 21:00（18:45入场，19:00准时开始） 地址：台北市信义路四段六号（捷运大安站共构大楼）19F * * * * * SK2实力养成班课程免费进班听！名额有限，报名要快喔！ 4/23 （日） 阅读一 19:00～上半堂结束 4/29 （六） 听力一 19:00～上半堂结束 4/30 （日） 背景知识一 19:00～上半堂结束 关於课程资讯，请点此：https://goo.gl/WQxdFe 欲报名同学，请来信[email protected], 我们将回复您是否报名成功， 祝大家早日跟托福分手！ --

※ 发信站: 批踢踢实业坊(ptt.cc), 来自: 218.35.153.201 ※ 文章网址: https://webptt.com/cn.aspx?n=bbs/TOEFL_iBT/M.1492755954.A.62E.html ※ 编辑: robert416 (218.35.153.201), 04/22/2017 01:03:39