各位同学好, 我是J2. 同学在阅读托福文章时常会有一个问题，就是慢慢看看得懂，但在20分钟内 要看完文章＋作题目，就有困难，到底要怎麽提升阅读速度呢？ 其实同学应该在看完每句话时（尤其是每段的第一句主题句），应该要放慢 速度想想作者的目的，想想作者为何要写这段？又或是为何要在这里分段？ 以下用TPO 9 Colonizing the Americas via the Northwest Coast 这篇文 章当范例来示范一下文章该怎麽慢慢看、想想作者的目的。 首先是首段第一句话： It has long been accepted that the Americas were colonized by a migration of peoples from Asia, slowly traveling across a land bridge called Beringia (now the Bering Strait between northeastern Asia and Alaska) during the last Ice Age. 简单翻译一下：「一直以来大家普遍接受美洲是在上次冰河期间，由亚洲人 慢慢从白令陆桥迁徙占据。」 看到这句同学不要急着往下读，不妨花个十秒钟想想这句话作者到底想表达 什麽？或是作者的重点是什麽？ 可能抓到的重点有以下几个部分： 1) 从一开始It has long been accepted可以知道这里作者想要提出一个 理论，因为他用的是普遍接受，不是It has been proved也不是study shows等等。 2) 这句话作者应该是要强调：由亚洲人慢慢「从白令陆桥」迁徙占据。所 以接下来的几句话应该会针对「为何觉得是从白令陆桥」呢？」「为何不是 其他地方或其他方式过来？」来作解释。下一句话作者果然继续解释：The first water craft theory about this migration was that around 11,000-12,000 years ago there was an ice-free corridor stretching from eastern Beringia to the areas of North America south of the great northern glaciers. 「一万一千到一万两千年前有个无冰的走廊从 白令陆桥东边延伸到北美。」 3) 而且可以知道的是It has long been accepted这种句子通常後面都会 推翻，常见的类似说法有It’s long been thought that…, long-held view, long-lasting, traditional theory等等。所以在接下来的几句话解 释完Beringia这个理论後，马上提出一位学者反驳：But belief in this ice-free corridor began to crumble when paleoecologist Glen MacDonald demonstrated that some of the most important radiocarbon dates used to support the existence of an ice-free corridor were incorrect. 可以再用第二段第一句话来练习。 Support is growing for the alternative theory that people using watercraft, possibly skin boats, moved southward from Beringia along the Gulf of Alaska and then southward along the Northwest coast of North America possibly as early as 16,000 years ago. （同学也一样自己先花几秒钟想想这句话重点，再往下看） 关键字：Support is growing 聪明的你应该已经猜到了，既然刚刚在第一段最後推翻了原本理论，那在第 二段应该要提出第二个理论(alternative theory)，但除此之外，这句话最 主要的重点应该还有support is growing, 所以作者接下来应该会提哪些证 据来支持这个along the Gulf of Alaska and then southward along the Northwest coast of North America. 也终於在第二段第一句话对应到文章 标题：Colonizing the Americas via the Northwest Coast 同学可再用第三段主题句练习： The most influential proponent of the coastal migration route has been Canadian archaeologist Knut Fladmark. (同学一样想一下再往下看) 应该也抓到重点了：proponent, Canadian archaeologist Knut Fladmark 那也可以想到既然提到了这个考古学家，想必接下来的重点一定是这个考古 学家有哪些论点可以支持coastal migration这个理论， 因为这句话有提到 他是proponent支持者。往後面看确实有提到的支持论点有greatest diversity in native American languages occurs along the west coast of the Americas. 再用第四段试试看： More recent geologic studies documented deglaciation and the existence of ice-free areas throughout major coastal areas of British Columbia, Canada, by 13,000 years ago. 主题句重点：geologic studies 上一段讲了一个考古学家支持coastal migration route这个理论，这段换 用地质研究来支持。後面的支持论点包含： inner continental shelf were not covered by ice toward the end of the last Ice Age. the Northwest Coast of North America was largely free of ice by approximately 16,000 years ago. 同学或许会想如果每一句话都要先想过作者想表达的意思，不是更耗时间？ 当然在考试当下要用可能来不及，但只要平常多用几篇文章多练习几次，培 养能快速看完每段主题句即猜到接下来文章重点，其实久而久之就会让你的 阅读速度越来越快，且更能够抓到句子、段落关连性，让你能够预期的更多 更准，才是提升阅读速度的关键喔！ 希望以上方法对大家有帮助! Cheers, J2 --

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