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继上次文意选填 这次祭上阅读测验的部份 还是一样欢迎各位给予指教! 网志上色好读版:http://stu60912.pixnet.net/blog/post/11225158 ------------------------------------------------------------ 英文科抢分:阅读测验破解 一、 解题需求: 1. 良好的阅读习惯(学测/指考单字门槛:至少4000字) 要能阅读一篇文章,势必要看懂其文章的字,可是很多同学第一部的准备方法就错了,他 们认为,一定得要求自己完全看懂文章的每一个字,而这是完全不对的。别忘了大考中心 只要求同学背7000字以内,甚至通常选用的文章中,将近75%的用字都是4000字以内。也 就是说,其实你只要看懂一篇文章的七八成就行了。大考中心并不是要你每个字都会,而 是要知道你是否有一个正确的阅读习惯(关於其他不好的阅读习惯,後面会详述)。 范例. 以下是4000字 raise 的用法: raise nc. 1.提升 2.增加(常见的搭配介系词是in/on) e.g. I was given a raise in salary. vt. 1.举起 2.增加 3.饲养 4. 筹募 5.提出 e.g. They raise a lot of cows. e.g. They will raise a fund for the orphans. e.g. None of them raised any objection. 以这个字为例,在阅读测验中,真的,你需要的就是「记住它的每一个中文意思」。因为 可能基本意思、延伸意都会出现,而这个你平常准备时,要多注意它的例句,看看例句中 它都摆在哪里?有没有什麽搭配介词,搭配受词,还是其他会跟它一起出现的用语?当然 最好,「词类变化」和「同意词」你也可以多注意,看到一个字首或是字根很像的字,你 可以藉以类推。 2. 正确的解题步骤 阅读测验这个大题,你的解题步骤几乎确立了你能否拿到分数的最大关键。主要原因还是 因为找到最适合的步骤能帮助你省下宝贵时间。 3. 平时多阅读 每个人处理阅读测验的习惯不同,势必得找到一个最省时间的方法。而这还是有赖你平时 多阅读,这就跟你平时阅读中文报纸、小说一样,想要速度快,麻烦还是多练习。题库来 源很多,课本、考卷、空英等杂志或是单买阅读测验来都很好。 坊间参考书练习阅读测验个人推荐首选: Six-Way Paragraphs: Advanced Level http://www.kingstone.com.tw/english/Book_Page.asp?KMCode=2030760089357 二、 关键破解: 1. 何谓好的读书习惯: A. 先看看不好的读书习惯 (1) 阅读文章时(或是订正时),把电子辞典摆一旁,然後把你所有不会的字全部查出 来,最後把中文一一写上去。最後整篇文章注记着你的中文。你过度注意了每个字词,而 忽略了整句话的大意才是重点。 分析:试想你读中文报纸时,你也会这样做吗?不可能吧。如果你一篇文章有将近8成都 是这样,那代表说真的是你的单字量不够,先回去背好单字吧。当然这不代表你就不用去 了解那些字的意思,而是你得先学会运用「上下文」来帮助你判断。如果你都只是把他们 的中文标注上去,这样真的只是浪费时间(更何况大部分的人都不会再重新读这一篇单字 ),而且这样做不会进步的。你一定听过所谓的语感吧。所谓的语感,其实相当倚赖「思 考上下文」的运行。 E.g. 以下是一篇关於「Uncanny valley」的叙述: The uncanny valley is a hypothesis regarding the field of robotics. The theory holds that when robots and other facsimiles of humans look and act almost like actual humans, it causes a response of revulsion among human observers. 大部分的人应该都不知道什麽是uncanny valley,而请也不要立刻就直接查字典,这样并 没有帮助,应该要先去设法「想一想它可能是什麽意思」?,而通常上下文会很清楚告诉 你它究竟是何方神圣。 …… is a hypothesis regarding the field of robotics. 知道hypothesis 是假说的 话,那只要看粗体部份就大概猜的出来了。而就算看不懂hypothesis,起码你看懂了 robot,uncanny valley一定跟robot有关。 The theory holds that when robots and other facsimiles of humans look and act almost like actual humans, it causes a response of revulsion among human observers. 都讲是the theory了,有背好4000字的,一定能清楚知道uncanny valley是 某种学说了。而这段叙述後方则解释其学说的内容。大部分的字应该都看得懂。可能 revulsion不知道,但是後方有human observers,我们仍可猜这应该跟「观察者」有关, 而且既然是学说内容,文章接下来一定会就着其内容继续发挥,我们也只要跟着慢慢了解 就行。而以上,就是一个藉由上下文来观察的方法。 (2) 所谓凡走过必留下痕迹,你拿着一枝笔,所读过的地方你都会拿铅笔画线。或着 是你拿的是一支尺,把下一行盖住,已方便能只看过这一行。 分析:其实你这个动作就是在「念」文章,你只是差没有「真的念出来」而已。为什麽? 因为你这样的速度一定慢,我们是要「读文章」,就跟你读中文报纸一样,你必须训练你 读英文适用同种方式。这样你才会让自己能真的聚精会神,仍够用看的就了解大意,最 後速度加快。 Q:那读文章的时候,铅笔是要用来做什麽的? A:铅笔是拿来「划记或圈起来你解题时初步认为是关键地方」。你甚至可以在考卷空白处 「写上中文的笔记、纲要」,而这都可以帮助你第二次阅读、检查所花的时间。 (2) 一句话,从左看到右,看不懂,然後从头再看一次,还是不懂,再看一次、 还是不懂…. 最後终於懂了,时间也用光了。 分析:这代表你并没有专心。你必须避免这个状况,聚精会神,要求自己一定要一遍看过 去就要看懂。有时若句子太长,可以善用「优先看动词」的方法,帮助自己快速了解文意 。 善用一个句子先看动词方法: 例如 A insists that B 当你先看到insist时,并定可以推得前面 A是主张的人,B是主张的想法,且往往B才是 要注意的重点(除非题目考有关於A的部份) B. 好的阅读习惯 注意的是「每个句子前後的连接关系」,而不会过度注意每个字词,而是把他们视为一个 大单位,从中了解句子承接、文章大意主旨等等。并懂得运用上下文来帮助了解文意。 2. 正确解题步骤 (1) 先迅速浏览这一篇文章的每一段的主题句、结论句。如果文章是属於开门见山, 主题句通常会是每一段的第一句(一开始就跟你说出要表达的理念是什麽)。若你看到第 一句是「抛出一个问句(你有没有听说…/ 你是否认为…)」、「举个故事例子」,那麽 他会把他要表达的理摆在後头,也就是结论句,位置通常是每一段的最後一句。总而言之 ,你就是先把每一段的第一句和最後一句看过。 分析:这样做是能帮助你先快速「了解段落大意」。这个好处多多,有的题目甚至只要你 做完这一点就可以解了,就算还不能解,你也可以大致上猜得出来这题要去哪一段找。 E.g. 98年指考第40~43题 (请先看每一段的首尾句。) In all cultures and throughout history hair has had a special significance. In ancient Egypt, as long ago as 1500 BC, the outward appearance expressed the person’s status, role in society and political position. Wigs played an important role in this: they were crafted with great artistry and often sprinkled with powdered gold. In the 8th century BC, the pre-Roman Celts in Northern Europe wore their hair long. In a man it was the expression of his strength, in a woman of her fertility. The idea of long hair as a symbol of male strength is even mentioned in the Bible, in the story of Samson and Delilah. Samson was a leader of the Israelites. His long hair, which he never cut, gave him superhuman powers. The only person who knew his secret was Delilah. However, she spied for the enemy and betrayed him. One night she cut off his hair and thus robbed him of his strength. In the classical Greek period, curly hair was not only the fashion, but it also represented an attitude towards life. Curls or locks were the metaphor for change, freedom and the joy of living. The ancient Greek word for curls and locks is related to intriguing and tempting someone. Hair is also used as a symbol of opposition. The punk protest movement today uses hair as a symbol of disapproval of the “middle-class, conventional lifestyle” by wearing provocative haircuts and shockingly colored hair. A different form of objection could be seen in the women’s hairstyles in the 1960s. Women’s liberation was expressed in a short-cut, straight and simple hairstyle which underlined equality with men without neglecting female attributes. To this day hair has kept its importance as a symbol of power, youth, vitality and health. 40. The topic of this passage could best be described as _____ . 从 In all cultures and throughout history hair has had a special significance. 和 Hair is also used as a symbol of opposition. 可得知答案为(B ),且你可以注意到,题目写的是 symbol,而此时选项出现的是 symbolic(词类变化) 。 (A) the scientific study of hairstyles (B) the symbolic meanings of hairstyles (C) the art of designing different hairstyles (D) the contemporary development of hairstyles 41. Why did ancient Greeks like to wear curls and locks? 题干中有Greeks,而你所读到的主题句中,有讲到Greek,就只有In the classical Greek period, curly hair was not only the fashion, but it also represented an attitude towards life. 所以你当然可以优先猜测此题答案必在第三段。甚至你可以靠 第三段的尾句 the ancient Greek word for curls and locks is related to intriguing and tempting someone. 推得答案为(A)。且你可以注意到,题目写的是 intriguing and tempting someone,而此时选项出现的是 attract others(同意字代 换)。 (A) To attract others. (B) To show off their artistry. (C) To hide their real identity. (D) To represent power and status. 42. How did women in the 1960s use hair to show objection? 题干中有objection,而你所读到的主题句中,有讲到objection,就只有Hair is also used as a symbol of opposition(同意字代换). 所以你当然可以优先猜测此题答 案必在最後一段。 (A) They grew long hair. (B) They dyed their hair. (C) They cut their hair short. (D) They shaved their heads. 这个题组四道题目,你有3道题目答案马上几乎出来了,这样不是很爽吗?至於有些老师 建议第一步是先看题目,这我个人十分不赞同!因为如果你连文章大意都不了解,光看题 目能够帮助你什麽?且这样还会有被题目带入陷阱的可能,你应该先了解文章大意,再看 题目。 (2) 看题干,先不急着看选项,先看一下有讲到题干所述的地方应该是在文章第几段 ,然後再看选项。 分析:要懂得分辨题干的题型,题型不外乎就是以下几种样子: A.考文章「主旨」、「大意」、「出处」、「标题」、「寓意」 →碰到这种题目,直接看每一段的首尾句,答案就会出来。 e.g. What is the main idea of this passage? (如果题目问说是第二段的 大意,那你更只要看第二段就好) e.g. Which of the following is the best title for…? e.g. The passage is most likely taken from a…? e.g. What is the moral of this story? e.g. The purpose of this passage is to…? B. 考字词「解释」、「定义」、「代换」(通常会是粗体字,并且画线) →碰到这种题目,请直接找包括那个字在内的句子,以及其前後2个 句子,总共3个句子,答案就会出来 e.g. What does the word “everything”in… mean? e.g. The word fit in.. means…? C. 考「细节描述」(可能问原因、方法、目的、项目列举、数字…) →碰到这种题目,请先藉由主题句判断这题答案可能会在哪段,然後 阅读完那段後,答案就会出来。判断方式就是看看有没有什麽字词题干中和文章主题句中 皆有提及?(有些时候,出题老师会用词类变化,或是同意词代换来让你无法第一次就 辨认出来,要小心!) e.g. How did women in the 1960s use hair to show objection? e.g. Why did ancient Greeks like to wear curls and locks? D. 考「文章推论」 →碰到这种题目真的没办法了,光看完主题句没有用,有些题目可能 看文章最後一段结论处可能有些帮助,可是大部分这种题目会把每一段的细节都拿来考, 所以这种题目就需要你整个文章看完才能解。不过还好,这种题目虽难,可以先放着,等 有时间回来再做,不然,用猜答案的方式以常识判断也能提高答对机率。 e.g. What can be inferred about the article? e.g. Which of the following is true about …? e.g. Which of the following is incorrect about…? E. 考「作者的态度」 →通常是最难的题目,也是需要看完整篇文章才能解得出来,有些题目可能看文 章最後一段结论处可能有些帮助,不过还好,这种题目考的不多。 e.g. What is the author’s attitude toward…? (3) 看好选项後,就回到文章中找答案。如果是一般题目,只要判断好是哪一段,看完 那一段答案就会出来。如果是需要整篇看完才能作答的,那就把文章进行快读(不用担心 时间不够,你会发现这次你快读的速度很快,因为主题句(大意)你都知道,你现在只是 要了解其支持句)。记得要把你认为是答案的地方用铅笔划记。 分析:进行阅读时请特别注意: A. 连接性质 however/ therefore/ besides/though/ whereas… B. 因果关系(一定要找出何为因、何为果!) so/,for/ since/ because of/ thus/ result from/ bring about… C. 比较级、最高级、两物做比较(一定要找出是哪两个东西在互比!) inferior/more/ compared to/ difference/ change… D. 强调用法(所强调的东西必为重点) The same/even/ absolutely/ in fact/ particularly/ only/ first… E. 否定用法(被否定的东西必为重点) no/ not/never/ without/ except/ unless/ instead of/ hardly… F. 年代、数字(皆为重点,再加上数字比文字容易辨认,是救星!) The first/the second/1960/47%... G. 时间点、时间副词 Once/now/ nowadays/ originally/later/meanwhile/ until/since… H. 特殊人物、特殊地点 I. 人物所引言 J. 举例 such as/ for example K. 标点符号、引号(例如分号和破折号後方必为重点!) L. 别忘记动词主宰整个句子,所以每一句的动词也都需留意! E.g. 98年指考第40~43题 In all cultures and throughout history hair has had a special significance. In ancient Egypt(特殊地点、时间点), as long ago as 1500 BC(时间点), the outward appearance expressed the person’s status, role in society and political position. Wigs played an important role in this: (特殊符号)they were crafted with great artistry and often sprinkled with powdered gold. In the 8th century BC(时间点), the pre-Roman Celts(特殊人物) in Northern Europe(特殊地点) wore their hair long. In a man(比较) it was the expression of his strength, in a woman(比较) of her fertility. The idea of long hair as a symbol of male strength is even mentioned(强调) in the Bible, in the story of Samson and Delilah(特殊人物). Samson was a leader of the Israelites. His long hair, which he never cut, gave him superhuman powers. The only person who knew his secret was Delilah. However(连接副词), she spied for the enemy and betrayed him. One night she cut off his hair and thus(因果) robbed him of his strength. In the classical Greek period(时间点), curly hair was not only(强调) the fashion, but it also(强调) represented an attitude towards life. Curls or locks were the metaphor for change, freedom and the joy of living. The ancient Greek word for curls and locks is related to intriguing and tempting someone. Hair is also(连接性质) used as a symbol of opposition. The punk protest movement today(时间点) uses hair as a symbol of disapproval of the “ middle-class, conventional lifestyle”(引号) by wearing provocative haircuts and shockingly colored hair. A different(比较) form of objection could be seen in the women’s hairstyles in the 1960s(年代). Women’s liberation was expressed in a short-cut, straight and simple hairstyle which underlined equality with men without(否定) neglecting female attributes. To this day hair has kept its importance as a symbol of power, youth, vitality and health. 3. 阅读测验时间控制 基本上这个大题一题学测可到6分钟,指考则是尽量压缩到5分钟之内,谨记一题若超过3 分钟,划记後直接先跳到下一题。 三、 大考实战演练 99指考第44~47题 http://0rz.tw/y58Yg 参考答案:44~47 CAD 参考解析: 44. Key: 看到问代名词this指的是什麽,马上看前一句:(考字词「解释」→找包括那个字 在内的句子,以及其前後2个句子,总共3个句子,答案就会出来) Then there is Kopi Lowark (translated as “Civet Coffee” ), the world’s most expensive coffee, which sells for as much as US 50 per quarter-pound. 故 选(C)。其他选项皆不合。 45. Key: 第二段第一句:(考细节描述,藉由主题句,得知答案在第二段) This is particularly surprising, given that approximately 500 pounds a year of Kopi Lowak constitute the entire world supply. What is surprising is why this particular coffee is so rare. 故选(A) (B)→ 第二段中间:It’s not the plants that are rare. 故错。 (C)(D)→ 文章中未提到。 46. Key: 第三段整段过程:(考文章推论,题目已好心说明是第三段,故可完第三段即可作 答) 介绍Palm civets→牠吃咖啡果後,咖啡果的变化→其豆子有特殊风味的原因 (1句话) (4句话) (2句话) 故选(D)提到了「此动物如何把咖啡果实变成咖啡豆子」较为恰当。其他选项多半是未 提到,或是只提到一两句。 47. Key:(考文章推论,需看完全部文章) (A) → 根据第三段中间:palm civets eat the fruit whole. 故错。 (B) → 根据第三段结尾处:Palm civets have an unfailing instinct for pickingthe coffee cherries at the peak of their ripeness. 故正确。 (C) → 根据最後一段第二句:Currently, most of the world’s supply of Kopi Lowak is sold in Japan. 故错。文章中第三段有提及: Palm civets… native to Southeast Asia and the Indonesian islands,但是指Palm civets 而非Kopi Lowak. (D) → 文章中未提到。故错。 故选(B) 四、 模拟实战演练 http://stu60912.pixnet.net/blog/post/11373356 ------------------------------ 如果有排版哪里很奇怪的请告知 不知为什麽每次复制贴上排版就会大乱= = 谢谢你的收看 -- ●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●● 「所谓的创作, 并非於纸张上,死板地刻下想说的话。 我要的创作, 是在人人心中,永远激荡我说过的话。」 ●●●●●Treak/有梦的人才伟大●●●●● --



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◆ From: 122.116.165.29 ※ 编辑: stu60912 来自: 122.116.165.29 (07/31 05:59)
1F:推 exile1205:好文推~ 虽然我考完了=.=... 07/31 08:28
2F:推 coldman519:阅测写six way吧 07/31 08:28
3F:推 taketheball:好文推 07/31 10:11
4F:推 vi000246:要是早一年发就好了 好文推~ 07/31 10:35
5F:推 red0210:推!!!!! 07/31 10:37
6F:推 DearDaniel:为什麽你不早一年发... 07/31 10:51
7F:推 asdf45610:好文 不过我也考完了XD 07/31 10:59
8F:推 lovehan:优质好文 07/31 12:47
9F:推 puffbox:推 早一年发就好了... 07/31 13:14
10F:推 lovehan:其实补习班老师也会教这些答题小技巧啦... 07/31 13:33
11F:→ lovehan:学校老师就真的不会讲得那麽具体了... 07/31 13:34
12F:推 fujikawa22:推一个~~ 很受用XD 07/31 13:46
13F:推 yyd:好文推~ 07/31 13:53
14F:推 gj942l41l4:推 虽然我听过还是执着整篇看完不去注意细节... 07/31 15:33
15F:→ cheng135:这是下意识的 单字量多 看的就快 07/31 15:45
16F:→ cheng135:反正就是多看啦 你看中文报纸也不会注意那麽多 07/31 15:45
17F:→ qoo392:磨一磨八 07/31 19:20
18F:推 goshfju:关键就是多看 +1 07/31 19:22
19F:推 ftccb09376:我是你的忠实观众 推推推~~~ 07/31 22:59
20F:推 chiyen0123:先看问题(包含每个选项),就可以大概抓到整篇文章在讲 08/01 00:15
21F:→ chiyen0123:什麽,回头看文章速度会快很多...甚至常常不用看完文 08/01 00:16
22F:→ chiyen0123:章,四题都答出来了,有的题目甚至可以常识判断... 08/01 00:16
23F:→ chiyen0123:个人觉得学测文章简单题目难,指考文章难题目简单 08/01 00:17
24F:→ chiyen0123:不过这都是考试省时间的技巧XD 平常还是要多读XD 08/01 00:17
25F:推 justfloat:推=D 感谢分享^^ 08/01 00:51
※ 编辑: stu60912 来自: 122.116.165.29 (08/02 05:38) ※ 编辑: stu60912 来自: 122.116.165.29 (08/04 01:46)
26F:推 apple840622 : 推 06/10 17:29







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