3.In valence bond theory, the linear combinations of the 2s and 2p orbitals gives four sp3 hybrid orbitals, as Φ1 = 0.5[s＋px＋py＋pz] Φ2 = 0.5[s＋px－py－pz] Φ3 = 0.5[s－px＋py－pz] Φ4 = 0.5[s－px－py＋pz] (a)Show that these four sp3 hybrid orbitals are normalized. (4%) (b)Prove that every one of these four sp3 orbitals is orthogonal to any of the others. (3%) (c)Illustrate the orientations and shapes of these four sp3 hybrid orbitals. (4%) --

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