课程名称︰英语语音学一 课程性质︰选修 课程教师︰史嘉琳 开课学院：文学院 开课系所︰外文系 考试日期（年月日）︰2014/10/27 考试时限（分钟）:50分 试题 : I. Short answer questions (100%) 1. According to Ladefoged, consonants can be described in terms of which five factors? (15%) 1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________ 2. What are the three main features used to describe a vowel sound? (9%) 1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 3. What type of vowels tend to be rounded? (5%) 4. Name one place where a glottal stop often appears in English. (5%) 5. What is “fundamental frequency” 基频? (6%) 6. What is the biggest easily visible difference between a vowel and a nasal on a waveform? (6%) 7. What are suprasegmentals? (6%) 8. What are the three main rules of sentence intonation, i.e. how does one determine which syllables to stress in a sentence? (CET; 12%) 9. How many segments (i.e. vowel and consonant sounds) are there in each of the following items? (6%) a. thought _____ b. telephone _____ c. batch _____ d. exported _____ e. stirring _____ f. halves _____ 10. Write the IPA symbol for each English sound described below. (2 x 15 = 30%) a. voiced velar stop b. voiceless alveolar fricative c. velar nasal d. palatal approximant e. voiced palato-alveolar fricative f. voiceless interdental fricative g. lateral approximant h. voiced bilabial stop i. retroflex approximant j. voiced labiodental fricative k. mid-low front vowel l. low back vowel m. low front vowel n. mid-high back vowel o. high back vowel II. Phrase and compound stress: Circle the stressed syllable(s) in each item below, and mark the tonic stress with an asterisk * before the circled syllable. (100%) 1. tropical fruit 2. new industry 3. mango grower 4. heated discussion 5. local natural energy resources 6. health foods 7. roasted vegetable 8. affordable housing 9. poverty levels 10. sleepy farm town III. Dictation. (100%) --

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