课程名称︰经济学原理与实习上 课程性质︰必修/通识 A5* 课程教师︰魏凯立/李文基(助教名) 开课学院：社会科学院 开课系所︰经济系 考试日期（年月日）︰101/01/02 考试时限（分钟）：60 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : This quiz takes for 60 minutes. Please write down any your answers in English. Translation machines and any calculators with memory function are not allowed. Part One: Multiple Choice (20 questions, 60%) Please write the best answer directly on your answer sheet. 1. For a monopoly, the socially efficient level of output occurs where a. marginal revenue equals marginal cost. b. average revenue equals marginal cost. c. marginal revenue equals average total cost. d. average revenue equals average total cost. 2. Which of the following statements is correct for both a monopolist and a perfectly competitive firm? i) The firm maximizes profits by equating marginal revenue with marginal cost. ii) The firm maximizes profits by equating price with marginal cost. iii) Demand equals marginal revenue. iv) Average revenue equals price. a. i), and iv) only b. i), iii) and iv) only c. i), ii), and iv) only d. i), ii), iii), and iv) 3. Perfect price discrimination a. increases profits to the firm. b. increases total surplus. c. decreases consumer surplus. d. All of the above are correct. 4. Monopolistic competition is characterized by i) efficient scale ii) markup pricing over marginal cost iii) deadweight loss iv) excess capacity a. i) and ii) only b. ii) and iv) only c. i), ii), and iii) only d. ii), iii), and iv) only 5. A reduction in a monopolist’s fixed costs would a. Increase the profit-maximizing price and decrease the profit-maximizing quantity produced. b. Decrease the profit-maximizing price and increase the profit-maximizing quantity produced. c. Possibly increase, decrease of not effect profit-maximizing price and quantity, depending on the elasticity of demand. d. Not affect the profit-maximizing price or quantity. 6. When a restaurant stays open for lunch service even though few customers patronize the restaurant for lunch, which of the following principles is (are) best demonstrated? (i) Fixed costs are sunk in the short run. (ii) In short run, only fixed costs are important to the decision to stay open for lunch. (iii) If revenue exceeds variable cost, the restaurant owner is making a smart decision to remain open for lunch. a. (i) and (ii) only b. (i) and (iii) only c. (ii) and (iii) only d. All are demonstrated. 7. What happens to the price and quantity sold of a drug when its patent runs out? (i) The price will fall. (ii) The quantity sold will fall. (iii) The marginal cost of producing the drug will rise. a. (i) only b. (i) and (ii) only c. (ii) and (iii) only d. (i), (ii), and (iii) 8. The accountants hired by Davis Golf Course have determined total fixed cost to be $75,000, total variable cost to be $130,000, and total revenue to be $145,000. Because of this information, in the short run, Davis Golf Course should a. shut-down. b. stay open because shutting down would be more expensive. c. exit the industry. d. stay open because the firm is making an economic profit. 9. Which of the following statements best expresses a firm’s profit-maximizing decision rule? a. If marginal revenue is greater than marginal cost, the firm should increase its output. b. If marginal revenue is less than marginal cost, the firm should decrease its output. c. If marginal revenue equals marginal cost, the firm should continue producing its current level of output. d. All of the above are correct. 10. A monopolist faces the following demand curve: Price Quantity $8 300 $7 400 $6 500 $5 600 $4 700 $3 800 $2 900 $1 1000 The monopolist has fixed costs of $1,000 and has a constant marginal cost of $2 per unit. If the monopolist were able to perfectly price discriminate, how many units would it sell? a. 400 b. 500 c. 900 d. 1,000 11. As the table in question 8, the monopolist has fixed costs of $1,000 and has a constant marginal cost of $2 per unit. If the monopolist were NOT able to perfectly price discriminate, how many units would it sell? a. 400 b. 500 c. 900 d. 1,000 12. Which of the following statements is not correct for perfectly competitive firms? a. In a long-run equilibrium, firms must be operating at their efficient scale. b. In the short run, the number of firms in an industry may be fixed. c. In the long run, the number of firms can adjust to changing market conditions. d. In the short run, firms must be operating at a level of output where price equals average variable cost. 13. For a competitive firm, i) price is higher than marginal revenue. ii) marginal revenue is constant. iii) it can make a profit in short run and long run. iv) It can make a profit in short run and not in long run. a. i) only b. ii) only c. ii) and iv) only d. i), ii), and iv) 14. Which of the following statements is not correct? a. Perfect competitive firm faces a horizontal demand curve. b. Monopoly firm faces a downward-sloping demand curve. c. Monopolistic competitive firm and duopoly firm faces a downward-sloping demand curve. d. Perfect competitive market has a horizontal demand curve.. 15. In the short run, a firm operating in a monopolistically competitive market a. produces an output level where marginal revenue equals average total cost. b. sets price equal to demand where marginal revenue equals marginal cost. c. must earn zero economic profits. d. maximizes revenues as well as profits. 16. Alyson’s Pet Sitting Service Number of Workers Output (number of pet visits) 0 0 1 20 2 45 3 60 4 70 Refer to the table above. Suppose that Alyson’s pet sitting service has a fixed cost of $50 per month for her cell phone. Each worker costs Alyson $60 per day. What is the shape of Alyson’s total cost curve as output increases from 0 and 45? a. Total cost increases but gets flatter. b. Total cost increases and gets steeper. c. Total cost decreases and gets flatter. d. Total cost decreases but gets steeper. 17. Which of the following statements is correct? a. Government should tax goods with either positive or negative externalities. b. Government should tax goods with negative externalities and subsidize goods with positive externalities. c. Government should subsidize goods with either positive or negative externalities. d. Government should tax goods with positive externalities and subsidize goods with negative externalities. 18. Consider the town of Tritown with only three residents, Eddie, Jim, and Tony. The three residents are trying to determine how large,in acres,they should build the public park. The table below shows each residen's willingness to pay for each acre of the park. Acres Eddie Jim Tony 1 $12 $16 $28 2 8 12 24 3 4 8 20 4 2 4 16 5 0 1 12 6 0 0 8 7 0 0 4 19. Dolores used to work as a high school teacher for $40,000 per year but quit in order to start her own catering business. To buy the necessary equipment, ,she withdrew $20,000 from her savings, (which paid 3 percent interest) and borrowed $30,000 from her uncle, whom she pays 3 percent interest per year. Last year she paid $25,000 for ingredients and had revenue of $60,000. She asked Louis the accountant and Greg the economist to calculate her profit for her. a. Louis says her profit is $34,100 and Greg says her profit is $6,500. b. Louis says her profit is $34,100 and Greg says she lost $6,500. c. Louis says her profit is $35,000 and Greg says she lost $5,000. d. Louis says her profit is $33,500 and Greg says her profit is 33,500. 20. According to the Coase theorem, private markets will solve externality problems and allocate resources efficiently as long as a. the externalities that are present are positive, not negative. b. government assigns property rights to the harmed party. c. private parties can bargain with sufficiently low transaction costs. d. businesses determine an appropriate level of production. Part Two: Quick questions (3 questions, 40%) Please write your explanations on your answer sheet. 1. True or False. Please keep your answer brief, credits will be subtracted if your answer too long. (15%) (1) When a firm operates with excess capacity, it must be in a monopolistically competitive market. (2) If firms in an oligopoly agree to produce according to the monopoly outcome, ,they will produce the same level of output as they would produce in a Nash equilibrium. (3) In the short run, any firm earning a negative profit will shut down. 2. The situation between Daiwan and Fhina becomes tense recently. Suppose the military actions and payoff of each country as follows. (15%) Remark: The payoff matrix (x,y) shows that x is the payoff of Daiwan and y is the payoff of Fhina. Fhina Attack Do not attack Attack (2,3) (4,2) Daiwan Do not attack (1,8) (6,6) (a) Is there any dominant strategy for each country? If so, what is the dominant strategy for each country? (b) What is the possible outcome of the game shown above? (c) Is the outcome in part (b) be social optimal? If not, please comment what you will do in order to induce the social optimal outcome. 3.(10%) Rival? Yes │ No --------------------------------- Yes A │ B Excludable? ---------------------------------- No C │ D a. Please fill out “Private Goods”, “Public Goods”, “Common Resources”, “Natural Monopolies” into A,B,C,and D of the above table. b. Please fill out the following number in the correct space in the above table. (1) Un-congested non-toll roads (2) Common knowledge (3) Fishes in ocean (4) Toyota compact cars (5) Congested non-toll roads (6) Cable TV (7) Food (8) Technology (such as patents, intellectual property rights, etc.) --

※ 发信站: 批踢踢实业坊(ptt.cc) ◆ From: 111.243.118.111 ※ 编辑: d3osef 来自: 111.243.118.111 (12/08 19:59)