课程名称︰普通化学甲 课程性质︰化学系必修 课程教师︰周必泰 开课学院：理学院 开课系所︰化学系 考试日期（年月日）︰2013/1/11 考试时限（分钟）：160mins 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : (Total Score 250) 期中考相关试题(40): (Questions are taken from old exam, so answer must be exactly right to have score) (20) 1.For the van-der Waals equation of the real gas Pobs=(nRT/V-nb)-a(n/V)^2 (a)Define van-der Walls constants a and b. (5) (b)For the following gases, write dowon the order of van-der Waals constant a from the smallest value.(5) H2,He,CH4,N2,H20,NH3 (c)At higher pressure such as >1000 atm pressure calculated from the van-der Waals equation shows significant deviation form the observed one. Give a reasonable explanation. (d)Give any possible reason why the b value for He is larger than that of Ne. (10)2.a.Joseph Priestley, b.Antoine Lavoisier, c.John Dalton, d.Louis Gay-lus -sac, e.Amedeo Avogadro, f.Robert boyle, g.J.J. Thomson, h.G.N. Lewis, i.Svante Arrhenius, j.Jacques Charles. From above name lists, pick the right person who made the contribution to the following statement. (a)Who measured e/m=-1.76*10^8 C/g. (b)Who named 'photon'. (c)The father of modern chemistry, (d)The first chemist/physicist to perform conductivity of electrolytes in solution.(e)His name is on the highest arward of Amer -ican Chemical Society (10). (10)Name the following compounds or apparatus (a)KHCO3 (b)KMnO4 (c)GaN (d) 抛弃式滴管 (j)有刻度的量筒 (2 points each) 期中考以後的题目(210) A.Definition and Explanation(75) (5)A-1. For the A4 family, CO2 gas is a previling species on the earth, however, SiO2 gas is rarely observed. Explain.(5). (5)A-2. At 0 K, should the molecule be frozen? If not, explain your answer (3).Can you link this question with Heisenberg's uncertainty principle? (2) (15)A-3. Define hydrogen-like atom (3) and isoelectronic ion (2)Give three ions that are isoelectronicwith krypton (5). Place these ions in order of increasing size (5).(Exercises 13-31) (10)A-4. Define the electrophiluc and nucleophilic reagent(上课讲过) (5). Is BF3 and electrophilic or nucleophilic reagent? Explain (5). (10)A-5.Briefly explain self-constant field(SCF) method for obtaining the orbitals of a polyelectronic atom (5). Explain Pauli Exclusion Principle based on the electron progerty from a viewpoint of quantum mechanic(5). (5)A-6. Write down the full name as well as explain the VSEPR model (2) and the full name of LASER (3). (5)A-7. (a)Explain the difference between electronegativity and electron affi -nity(5). (20)A-8. As for electronic motion, could electron in 1s orbital be excited by light (in other words, absorb the photon) and then jump to 2p orbital? Explain (5). In the following molecules which can absorb light ot promote the vibra -tion and rotation motion of molecules to absorb light from ground and jump to the higher state?(5) CO,O2,NH3,CO2,CH4,H2 B.Questions(135) (25)B-1. (a)Draw the Lewis structures and geometry for the following molecules: XeF2,I3- and KrF4(6). (b)What type of hybridization orbital for Xe in XeF2, center I in I3- and Kr in KrF4 (6). (c)Based in the LE/VSEPR model to pre -dict the order of the bond angle of the following molecules (from largest to the smallest one) O3, OF2, CH4, HCN, SO3 (3) (d)OCN- and CNO- are isomers. Write down the most stable Lewis structure for OCN- and CNO-(5). Determine and explain which one(OCN- or CNO-) is a more stable form (5). (10)B-2. Given the following general bond-length information N—N 1.67*10^-10m N＝O 1.15*10^-10m N＝N 1.20*10^-10m N—O 1.47*10^-10m N≡N 1.10*10^-10m The observations that the N-N bond length in N2o is 1.12*10^-10m and that the N-O bond length is 1.19*10^-10m. Write down two possible Lewis structures of N20 and their formal charge(10). (exercises 13-84) (15)B-3. In general, atom with low ionization energy is eaier to be oxidized and thus has more power in reducing ability. Accordingly, predict the trend of reducing power for the Group A1 alkali metals (5). In water, the highest reducing power among Group A1 atoms is Li, explain (5). However, in water, sodium and potassium are more dangerous than lithium, explain (5). (20)B-4. Write down the molecular orbital energy-level diagram for O2 (5). Then, predict the bond order of O2+ and O2- (5). In the LE model, a Lewis structure obeying the octet rule can be drawn for O2 as follow ﹒ ﹒ · · O ＝ O · · · · How would you write the molecular orbital energy-level diagram for the above O2 Lewis structure?(5) Is this structure diamagnetic or paramagnetic?(5)(Ex -ercises 14-40) (20)B-5. An electron in a one-dimentional box requires energy with wavelenth 808 nm to excite it from the n=2 to the n=3 energy level. (a)A 8080 nm photon has the energy of (a1) ? cm^-1 (2) (a2) ? kcal for one mole photons in this wavelength (3)(a3) ? K for this photon in terms of thermal energy (5). (b) Calclate the length of the box L (5), (c)What is the probability of finding this electron in energy level n=4 between x=L/4 and x=L/2?(5). Note: h: 6.62*10^-34 Js, c:3*10^8 m/s, me=9.11*1010^-31 Kg (20)B-6. Scheme depicted below is the vibrational potential curve for a dia -tomic molecule (curve A). The parabolic curve represents an ideal harmo -nic oscillator (curve B). a. Give the reasons for the deviation of from curve B (ideal case) to curve A (real case).(10) b. Could molecule reside at the minimum energy (bottom) of curve A? Why?(5) Why the energy spacing decreases and becomes continuous-like near the dissociation region dissociation?(5) Name the region 1, 2 and 3 (a special term (or name) in physical chemistry) http://i.imgur.com/Oqixc.jpg (20)B-7. We always use TMS as a reference for the 1H-NMR spectrum. (a)Write down the name of structure of TMS (5). (b) Why is TMS commonly used as a reference? (5) (c)Two molecules have been known with formula of C4H10O. and C4H8O their corresponding NMR spectra are provided below. Additionally C4H10O has all single bonds, C4H10O has one double bond. Give the structu -res for these compounds(10,5 point for each)(exercises 14-58) http://i.imgur.com/nxVLL.jpg

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