课程名称︰社会语言学概论二 课程性质︰系选修 课程教师︰胥嘉陵 开课学院：文学院 开课系所︰外文系 考试日期（年月日）︰2012/04/26 考试时限（分钟）：180min(写不完可以继续写) 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : Essay questions (Answers should be to the point and well-illustrated.) Choose "One" of the questions between 1a and 1b. 1a.How do men and women differ in their patterns of using language regarding their "linguistic features," "norms of interactions," and "functions of interactins?" Provide examples from the patterns of interaction or / and gossip to illustrate your points. (20%) 1b.What are some of the explanations of women's linguistic behavior provided by Janet Holme's textbook? Name "Two" of them. Provide evidence to justify whether they are reasonable based on the clasroom readins. (20%) 1c.How does language reflect sexism? Provide "two" examples for illustration. (8%) 1d.When we are faced with the issue that language is claimed to be sexist and some feminists attempt to eradicate such phenomenon by reinventing the language such as changing 'history' to 'herstory,' what is your attitude toward this issue? Do you think that gender differences in language use are inevitable? What might be some possible solutions to raise the awareness of this issue so tat sexism in language use may be lessened? (6%) 2. What is Whorfian hypothesis? WHat kinds of evidence support such hypothesis? What are some of the counterarguments against it? Name "one from each category." Provide illustrations based on the classroom readings. Do you personally agree to Whorfian hypothesis based on your own experiences of foreign language learning? Explain. (24%) 3. Accroding to Bernstein, what are the definitions of 'elaborated code' vs. 'restricted code' and 'position-oriented families language use' vs. 'person-oriented families language use'? Provide three features for each category. What is the most distinguishing difference between these two sets of definitions in terms of their theoretical postulations? What is his proposition regarding the relationship between language and education? What are the main arguments other sociolinguists employ to criticize Berstein's theory? You can cite two arguments from Labov or one from Labov and the other from Trudgill. (32%) Choose ONE of the questions in the following section. 4a.What are the definitions and functions of a linguistic taboo and euphemism? Provide illustrations with example. Name "two" of them. (10%) 4b.What is prototype theory? How does it apply to account for lanugage learning strategies and universal color terminology of different cultures? (10%) 4c.What is verbal hygiene? Provide two examples for illustration. (10%) --

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