课程名称︰神经生物学 课程性质︰昆虫系C组必修 课程教师︰杨恩诚 开课学院：生农学院 开课系所︰昆虫系 考试日期（年月日）︰2012/4/2 考试时限（分钟）：2 hr 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : 简答题 (每题2分，共60分) 1. What is the meaning of the term animal model ? 2. What are the different levels of analysis in neuroscience research? 3. What is anxoplasmic transport ? 4. What are the fuctions of glia cells we know so far? 5. What is myelin? What does it do? 6. State the neuron doctrine in a single sentence. To whom is this insight credited? 7. What is the Nernst equation? 8. Explain why increasing extracellular potassium depolarizes neurons? 9. What is patch clamp method for? 10.What is an action potential? 11.What is salutatory conduction? 12.Why spike-initiation zone can produce action potentials? 13.How do you identify gap junction? Describe the methods can be used briefly. 14.Describe the release mechanism of the neurotransmitter by exocytosis. 15.Define the terms: EPSP and IPSP. 16.What are the temporal summation and spatial summation of EPSP? 17.What is shunting inhibition? 18.What are the criteria that must be met for a molecule to be considered a neurotransmitter? 19.Endocannabinoids is one of the retrograde messengers. How the retrograde signaling works? 20.What is transmitter-gated channel? Please explain it with example. 21.What is G-protein-coupled channel? Please explain it with example. 22.Describe the meninged. 23.What is cerebrospinal fluid? 24.What is so-called "functional imaging" technique. 25.What are the "two" functional imaging techinques now in widespread use? 26.Are the dorsal root ganglia in the CNS or PNS? 27.Imaging that you are a neurosurgeon, about to remove a tumor lodged deep inside the brain. The top of the skull has been removed. What now lies between you and the brain? Which layer(s) must be cut before you reach the CSF? 28.What are three features that characterize the structure of cerebral cortex? 29.Define the term of ganglion (pluaral:ganglia). 30.What is neurulation? 问答题 (每题10分，共40分) 1. Why is KCl used for lethal injection? 2. Please design an experiment to identify the different subtyoes of glutamate receptors. 3. If you are about to find out the neural pathway between cerebrum and cerebellum, how do you do for the experiment? 4. How do you identify a molecule as a neurotransmitter? Please design the necessary experiments for this for this identification. --

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