课程名称︰科学哲学 课程性质︰选修 课程教师︰苑举正 开课学院：经典人文学程 & 认知神经科学学程 开课系所︰哲学系 考试日期（年月日）︰2012/1/10 考试时限（分钟）：100分钟 是否需发放奖励金：Y 试题 : 考题一星期前预先公布 八选四，最後选3、4、5、8 1. In the inquiry of scientific knowledge, to what extent does instrumentalism characterize scientific practices without satisfying the requirements of truth? 2. Please explain why Nancy Cartwright thinks that “the laws of physics” necessarily lie? 3. Please explain why constructive empiricism sitting between realism and instrumentalism without identifying itself with both of them. 4. Do you think “the success of science” is sufficiently enough to portray the truth of scientific knowledge? 5. Please explain the logical structure of Karl Popper’s falsificationism. 6. On what basic does Kuhn think the history of science is not unified and cumulative? 7. Please explain the difference between “meaning incommensurability” and “ reference incommensurability”. 8. Between two extremes of scientific knowledge, namely realism and social constructivism, what is the adequate position attributing to the understanding of science? --

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