课程名称︰普通化学甲 课程性质︰必带 课程教师︰佘瑞琳 开课学院：理学院、生农学院 开课系所︰地质系、大气系、农化系 考试日期（年月日）︰2010/10/19 考试时限（分钟）：100分钟 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : Atomic mass (in amu): N=14.01, O=16.00, K=39.10, C=12.01, Cl=35.45,Br=79.90, Na=22.99, P=30.98. (考试中补: H=1.01) R=0.082L-atm/mol-K=8.314J/mol-K; 1L-atm=101.32J Ⅰ.Multiple choices(There maybe more than one correct answers.2 points each,30%) 1.According to the measurement in the experiment, choose the one that has three significant figures. (a)0.0120g (b)28.0℃ (c)304mL (d)7.6*10^3mmHg 2.Which of the following calculations show three significant figures in the answer? (a)1.4520+13.5 (b)12.00000*0.9893+13.00335*0.0107 (765.7-28) ───── 0.26347 760 (c)(12.67+19.2)(3.99)/(1.36+11.366) (d)──────────*273.15 0.011053*301.2 3.Choose the one which shows the correct conversion. (a)1ps=1*10^(-15)s (b)4.7*10^(-6)g=4.7μg (c)1.34*10^(-2)m=1.34nm (d)-11.5℃=261.7K 197 3+ 4.A cation of 79 Au has (a)79 electrons (b)82 protons (c)118 neutrons (d)197 neucleons 5.Which of the following would you expect to be molecular? (p.57) (a)MgO (b)NO (c)NaNO2 (d)SF4 6.Which of the following compounds is insoluble in water? (a)barium sulfate (b)iron(Ⅲ) hydroxide (c)calcium chloride (d)mercurous chloride 7.Which of the following aqueous solution is strong electrolyte? (a)CH3OH (b)Ba(OH)2 (c)HF (d)NaF 8.Which of the following is redox reaction? (a)MgO(s)+HCl(aq)→ (b)KMnO4(aq)+Na2C2O4(aq)→ (c)Pb(NO3)2(aq)+HCl(aq)→ (d)Cu(s)+HCl(aq)→ 9.Which of the following underlined atom shows oxidation state of +6? (a)K2Cr2O7 (b)HClO4 (c)Na2SO4 (d)OF2 ￣ ￣ ¯ ¯ 10.Which of the following metal could be dissolved in hydrochloric acid? (a)Au (b)Ag (c)Fe (d)Zn 11.What is the molarity of an NaOH if 48.0 mL neutralizes 35.0 mL of 0.144M H2SO4? (a)0.105M (b)0.144M (c)0.210M (d)0.420M 12.A typical commercial-grade phosphoric acid is 75% H3PO4, by mass, and has d = 1.57 g/mL. (a)The molarity of the acid is 12M. (b)The molality of the acid is 31m. (c)The normaliy of the acid is 36N. (d)This is a triprotic acid. 13.Separate samples of an unknown salt are treated with dilute solutions of HBr, H2SO4, and NaOH. A precipitate forms in all three cases. Which of the following could be the cation of the unknown salt? 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ (a)Ba (b)Hg (c)Mg (d)Pb 14.A gas is confined to a cylinder under constant atmospheric pressure. When the gas undergoes a particular chemical reaction, it absorbs 824 J of heat from its surroundings and has 0.65kJ of P-V work done on it by its surroudings. (5.37) (a)q=+824J (b)w=+0.65kJ (c)△E=824.65J (d)△H > △E 15.Which of the following is nonrenewable energy? (a)biomass energy (b)nuclear energy (c)petroleum (d)solar energy Ⅱ. Problems(70%) 1.Name or give the chemical formula the following compounds: (20%) (a)NH4Br (b)Co(NO3)2 (c)H2CO3 (d)SF4 (e)H2SO4 (f)K2HPO4 (g)NaCH3COO (h)CH3CH2OH (i)nickel(Ⅱ) perchlorate (j)3-iodobutane 2.For the following compound indecate and name the functional groups. (6%) O ∥ OH H2N◣/￣ \＿OH 3.Write the balanced equation for the reaction: (6%) (a)Na(s)+H2O(l)→NaOH(aq)+H2(g) (b)Aluminum matal combining with oxygen in the air. (c)Propanol burns in air. 4.Ascorbic acid(vitamin C) contains 40.92% C, 4.58% H, and 54.50% O by mass. (a)What is the empirical formula of ascorbic acid? (b)The molecular mass of ascorbic acid is determined to be 176g/mol, what is its molecular formula? (p.93, 4%) 5.Automotive air bags inflate when sodium azide, NaN3, rapidly decompose to its component elements: NaN3(s)→Na(s)+N2(g) (unbalanced) (3.67, 6%) (a)Balance the chemical equation. (b)How many moles of N2 are produced by the decomposition of 1.50 mol of NaN3? (c)How many grams of NaN3 are required to form 10.0g of nitrogen gas? 6.When benzene(C6H6) reacts with bromine(Br2), bromobenzene(C6H5Br) is obtained: C6H6+Br2→C6H5Br+HBr (a)When 30.0g of benzene reacts with 65.0g of bromine, what is the theoritical yield of bromobenzene? (b)If the actual yield of bromobenzene is 42.3g, what is the percantage yield? (3.81, 6%) 7.When 50.0mL of 0.05M AgNO3 and 50.0mL of 0.05M HCl are mixed in a constant-pressure calorimeter, the temperature of the mixture increases from 22.30℃ to 23.92℃. (a)Write the balanced chemical reaction that causes the temperature increase. (b)Calculate the molar heat(△H) for this reaction, assuming that the combined solution has a mass of 100.0g and a specific heat of 4.18J/g℃. (178, 4%) 8.Carbon occurs in two forms,graphite and diamond. The enthalpy of the combustion of graphite is -393.5 kJ/mol, and that of diamond is -395.4 kJ/mol. Write the proper chemical equations to calculate △H for the conversion of graphite to diamond. (p.182, 4%) 9.Given the following standard enthalpy change, use the standard enthalpies of formation in Table 5.3 to calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of CuO(s) CuO(s)+H2(g)→Cu(s)+H2O(l) △H°=-129.7kJ (p.187, 4%) 10.A 28-g serving of a popular breakfast cereal served with 120 mL of skim milk provides 8 g protein, 26g carbohydrates, amd 2g fat. Using the average fuel values of these substances, estimate the fuel value(caloric content) of this serving in Cal. (p.189, 4%) 11. Limestone stalactites and stalacmites are formed in caveds by the following reaction: 2+ - Ca(aq)+2HCO3(aq)→CaCO3(s)+CO2(g)+H2O(l) If 1 mol of CaCO3 forms at 298K under 1 atm pressure, (a)what is the P-V work performs by the reaction when pushing back the atmosphere as the gaseous CO2 forms. At the same time, 38.95kJ of heat is absorbed from the environment. (b)What are the values of △H and of △E for the reaction? (5.97, 6%) TABLE 5.3 Standard Enthalpies of Formations,△H°f,at 298K Substance Formula △H°f(kJ/mol) ───────────────────────── Water H2O(l) -285.8 下略 --

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