课程名称︰物理化学 课程性质︰必修 课程教师︰吴嘉文 开课学院：工学院 开课系所︰化工系 考试日期（年月日）︰2011/10/31 考试时限（分钟）：110 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : 1.Explain or briefly answer the following questions (a)Zeroth law of thermodynamics (b)First law of thermodynamics (c)Second law of thermodynamics (d)Third law of thermodynamics (e)Open, closed, and isolated systems 2.Derive the intermolecular force, a, volume of molecule, b, and constant gas, R, from the Van der waals equation at critical point with a, b, and R =(Pc, Vc, Tc) 3.The bacterium Acetobacter suboxydans obtains energy for growth by oxidizing ethanol in two stages, as follows: a. C2H5OH(l) + 1/2 O2(g) → CH3CHO(l) + H2O(l) b. CH3CHO(l) + 1/2 O2(g) → CH3COOH(l) The enthalpy increases in the complete combustion (to CO2 and liquid H2O) of the three compounds are ΔcH°(kJ/mol) ethanol(l) -1370.7 acetaldehyde(l) -1167.3 acetic acid(l) -876.1 Calculate the ΔH°values for reaction (a) and (b) 4.Initially 0.1 mol of methane is at 1bar pressure and 80°C. The gas behaves ideally and the value of Cp/Cv is 1.31. The gas is allowed to expand reversibly and adiabatically to a pressure of 0.1bar. (a)What is the initial and final volumes of the gas? (b)What is the final temperature? (c)Calculate the changes in internal energy and enthalpy for the process. 5. 1 mole of ice at -10°C is placed in a room at a temperature of 10°C. Take the heat capacities of the water and ice to be constant at 75.3 and 37.7J/K-mol, respectively, and the latent heat of fusion of ice as 6.02kJ/mol Calculate the entropy change in the system and in the surroundings. Also verified whether this result is satisfied with the 2rd law or not. 6.Calculate the change ΔGm in the Gibbs energy of 1 mole of liquid mercury initially at 1bar pressure if a pressure of 1000bar is applied to it. The process occurs at the constant temperature of 25°C, and the mercury may be assumed to be incompressible and to have a density of 13.5g-cm^-3 (M=200.6g/mol) 7.Suppose that a refrigerator cools to 0°C, discharges heat at 25°C, and operates with 40% efficiency. (a)How much work would be required to freeze 1kg of water(ΔfH=-6.02kJ/mol)? (b)How much heat would be discharged during the process? 8.The following diagram represents a reversible Carnot cycle for an ideal gas: (a)What is the thermodynamic efficiency of the engine? (b)How much heat is absorbed at 400K? (c)How much heat is rejected at 300K? (d)What is the entropy change in the process A→B? (e)What is the entropy change in the entire cycle? (f)What is the Gibbs energy change in the process A→B? (g)In order for the engine to perform 2kJ of work, how much heat must be absorbed? │ | | net work done= 800J P│ | \A │ │ \ |".↓B │ \ │ "-.__ 400K │ "-\ | │ D "--_\C_ 300K └──────── V 9.Prove that μ=(∂T/∂P)H=0 when the Joule-Thomson experiment is filled with an ideal gas. --

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