课程名称︰普通生物学乙上 课程性质︰必修 课程教师︰陈俊宏 开课学院：医学院 开课系所︰医学系 考试日期（年月日）︰2009／12／03 考试时限（分钟）：110min 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 21. "Golden Rice" is a transgenic variety that A. is resistant to various herbicides, making it practical to weed rice fields with those herbicides. B. is resistant to a virus that commonly attacks rice fields. C. includes bacterial genes that produce a toxin that reduces damage from insect pests. D. produces much larger, golen grains that increase crop yields. E. contains daffodil genes that increase the provitamin A content. 22. Secondary messengers are associated with which of the following? A. reception B. transduction C. response D. both A & B E. both B & C 23. Which of these conclusions is supported by the research of both Went and Charles and Frances Darwin on shoot responses to light? A. When shoots are exposed to light, a chemical substance migrates toward the light. B. Agar contains a chemical substance that mimics a plant hormone. C. A chemical substance involved in shoot bending is produced in shoot tips. D. Once shoot tips have been cut, normal growth cannot be induced. E. Light stimulates the synthesis of a plant hormone that responds to light. 24. We know from the experiments of the past that plants bend toward light because A. they need sunlight energy for photosynthesis. B. the sun stimulates stem growth. C. cell expansion is greater on the dark side of the stem. D. auxin is inactive on the dark side of the stem. E. phytochrome stimulates florigen production. 25. Why is it so difficult to study the actions of plant hormones? A. Their effects are often the result of an interaction of hormones. B. They are found in small quantities in the plant. C. We probably have not discovered all of them. D. They sometimes cause different responses in different plants. E. All of the above make the study of plant hormones difficult. 26. Which plant hormones might be used to enhance stem elongation and fruit growth? A. brassinosteroids and oligosaccharides. B. auxin and gibberellins. C. abscisic acid and phytochrome. D. ethylene and cytokinins. E. phytochrome and flowering hormone. 27. According to the acid growth hypothesis, auxin works by A. dissolving sieve plates, permitting more rapid transport of nutrients. B. dissolving the cell membranes temporarily, permitting cells that were on the verge of dividing to divid more rapidly. C. changing the pH within the cell, which would permit the electron transport chain to operate more efficiently. D. increasing wall plasticity and allowing the affected cell walls to elongate. E. greatly increasing the rate of deposition of cell wall material. 28. The application of which of the following hormones would be a logical first choice in an attempt to produce normal growth in mutant dwarf plants? A. indoleacetic acid. B. cytokinins. C. gibberellin D. abscisic acid. E. ethylene. 29. If you were shipping green bananas to a supermarket thousands of miles away, which of the following chemicals would you want to eliminate from the plants' environment? A. CO2. B. cyotkinins. C. ethylene. D. auxin. E. gibberellic acids. 30. Auxin is responsible for all of the following plant growth responses EXCEPT A. phototropism. B. formation of adventitious roots. C. apical dominanace. D. the detection of photoperiod. E. cell elongation. 31. If the range of a species of plants expands to a higher latitude, which of the following processes is the most LIKELY to be modifies by natural selection? A. circadian rhythm. B. photoperiod response C. phototropic response. D. biological clock. E. thigmomorphogenesis. 32. Florigen is a hypothetical flowering signal produced in leaves and transported to meristem via phloem to cause floral development. Which following substance is more likely to be the florigen? A. Auxin. B. Gibberellin. C. Ethylene. D. FT protein. E. jasmonric acid 33. You are part of a desert plant research team trying to discover crops that will be productive in arid climates. You discover a plant that produces a guard cell hormone under water-deficit conditions. Most likely the hormone is A. ABA. B. GA. C. IAA. D. 2,4-D. E. salicylic acid. 34. In extremely cold regions, woody species may survive freezing temperatures by A. emptying water from the vacuoles to prevent freezing. B. decreasing the numbers of phospholipids in cell membranes. C. decreasing the fliudity of all cellular membranes. D. producing canacanine as a natural antifreeze. E. increasing cytoplasmic levels of specific solute concentrations, such as sugars. 35. Plants are affected by an array of pathogens. Which of the following is NOT a plant defense against disease? A. cells near the point of infection destroying themselves to prevent the spread of the infection. B. production of chemicals that kill pathogens. C. acquiring gene-for-gene recognition that allows specific proteins to interact so that the plant can produce defenses against the pathogens. D. a waxy cuticle that pathogens have trouble penetrating. E. All of the above are plant defenses against disease. 36. The transduction pathway that activates systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in plants is initially signaled by A. antisense RNA. B. Pfr phytochrome. C. salicylic acid. D. abscisic acid. E. red, but not far-red, light. 37. A plant will recognize a pathogenic invader A. if it has many specific plant disease resistance (R) genes. B. when the pathogen has and R gene complimentary to the plant's antivirulence (Avr) gene. C. only if the pathogen and the plant have the same R genes. D. if it has the specific R gene that corresponds to th pathogen molecule encoded by an Avr gene. E. when the pathogen secretes Avr protein. 38. Buds and sprout often form on tree stumps. Which of the following hormones would you expect to stimulate their formation? A. auxin. B. cytokinins. C. abscisic acid. D. ethylene. E. gibberellins. 39. How might a plant respond to severe heat stress? A. by orienting leaves toward the sun to increase evaporative cooling. B. by producing ethylene, which kills some cortex cells and creates air tubes for ventilation. C. by producing salicylic acid, which initiates a systemic acquired resistance response. D. by increasing the proportion of unsaturaed fatty acids in cell memebranes to reduce their fluidity. E. by producing heat-shock proteins, which may protect the plant's proteins from denaturing. 40. If a long-day plant has critical night length of 9 hours, which of the following 24-hour cycles would prevent flowering? A. 16 hours light / 8 hours dark. B. 14 hours light / 10 hours dark. C. 15.5 hours light/ 8.5 hours dark. D. 4 hours light / 8 hours dark / 4 hours light / 8 hours dark. E. 8 hours light / 8 hours dark / light flash / 8 hours dark. --

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