课程名称︰希腊哲学 课程性质︰选修 课程教师︰杨植胜 开课学院：文学院 开课系所︰哲学系 考试日期（年月日）︰2011.01.11. 考试时限（分钟）：120分钟 (+10分钟) 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : 翻译题（45分） 以下全部四提，任选其中三题，每题满分为15分；所选超过三题者，以得分较低之三题 记分 每一题的英文段落均出自Anthony Gottlieb, The Dream of Reason:A History of Philosophy from the Greeks to the Renaissance (W. W. Norton & Company,Inc., 2002)，出处的页码注明於每一句末尾；参考其上下文脉络译为可理解的中文(句中人名 毋须中译)！注意这是翻译题；不要用全盘改写的方式作答！ 1. Dion was a fish out of water in the quarrelsome and corrupt court of Dionysius I, who was a patron of the pleasure-loving philosopher Aristippus -- Socrates' most unlikely disciple. (p.177) 2. ...'you must look at the matter, my simple-minded Socrates, in this way, that the just man always comes out at a disadvantage in his relation with the unjust'. In other words, justice or morality does not pay and Socrates is a poor fool to suppose that it does. (p.181) 3. The truth is that Aristotle was moved by the same open-minded curiosity as the members of the Royal Sosiety, but because they thought of themselves as revolutionaries they had to convince themselves otherwise. (p.224) 4. Aristotle, who was too close to the Macedonian regime for comfort, was indicted on trumped-up charges of impiety and left Athens before he could be brought to trial. After what had happened to Socrates, it is said that he did not want to let the Athenians 'sin twice against philosophy'. (p.228) 问答题（60分） 以下全部四题，任选其中三题回答！每题满分为20分；回答超过三题者，以得分较高之 三题计分。 1. 在柏拉图的对话录里，我们经常看到苏格拉底询问别人对某一个概念的定义 (definition)，例如在《国家》第一卷(Republic I)里询问对「正义」的定义。从柏 拉图成熟时期以後的思想来看，苏格拉底寻找定义的作法与柏拉图的「理型」(the Form)有什麽关系？怎麽说？ 2. 依据Gottlieb的《理性之梦》(The Dream of Reason)一书的叙述，柏拉图三次去 Syracuse的原因与结果分别是什麽？ 3. Gottlieb的《理性之梦》认为从亚里斯多德对於身体与灵魂的关系所得出来的灵魂论 ，与他的另一个关於灵魂的说法--「灵魂不朽」--是不一致的，其理由为何？对此提 出你的评论！ 4. 亚里斯多德的天文学认为「天体」(astronomical bodies)的运动如同地上事物的运 动变化一样，可以用「目的因」(final causes)或「目的」(τελοζ, telos)的 概念来解释；并认为那就是「促使太阳与其他星体运转的爱」(love that moves the Sun and the other stars)。这个说法引起近代许多哲学家与科学家的批评。说明近 代的批评对亚里斯多德这个说法的误解，然後提出这个说法的正确解读！ 考试时可参阅自己所带之任何书籍资料 离开试场时缴交答卷即可；试题毋庸随卷缴回 --

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