课程名称︰希腊哲学 课程性质︰选修 课程教师︰杨植胜 开课学院：文学院 开课系所︰哲学系 考试日期（年月日）︰2010.11.09. 考试时限（分钟）：120分钟 (+10分钟) 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : 翻译题（45分） 以下英文出自Anthony Gottlieb, The Dream of Reason:A History of Philosophy from the Greeks to the Renaissance (W. W. Norton & Company,Inc.,2002)，出处页 码注明於每一句末尾，参考其上下文脉络译为可理解的中文(句中人名毋须中译)。 全部四提，任选其中三题回答，每题15分；回答超过三题者，以得分较低之三题记分 这是翻译题，不要用全盘改写的方式作答 1. Computer languages, for example, stem from what was long regarded as the most tedious invention of philosophers, namely formal logic. A small but typical example of how 'philosophy' sends out new shoots is to be found in the case of Georg Cantor, a nineteenth-century German mathematician. His research on the subject of infinity was at first written off by his scientific colleagues as mere 'philosophy' because it seemed so bizarre, abstract and pointless. Now it is taught in schools under the name of set-theory (p.viii) 2. Clown: What is the opinion of Pythagoras concerning wild-fowl? Malvolio: That the soul of our grandam might inhabit a bird. Clown: What thinkest thou of his opinion? Malvolio: I think nobly of the soul, and no way approve of his opinion. Clown: Fare thee well; remain thou still in darkness: thou shalt hold the opinion of Pythagoras ere I will allow of thy wits; and fear to kill a woodcock lest thou dispossess the soul of thy grandam. (p.21) 3. During the long war with Sparta, Athenians had grown increasingly nervous about the home front. It was felt that intellectuals were weakening Athenian society by undermining its traditional views and value. Well might a man who captivated idle youths with his questioning about justice have aroused suspicion. (p.137) 4. Although, he claims, 'the arguments never come out of me; they always come from the person I am talking with', he acknowledges that he is 'at a slight advantage in having the skill to get some account of the matter from another's wisdom and entertain it with fair treatment'. He aptly describes himself as an intellectual midwife, whose questioning delivers the thought of others into the light of day. (p.140) 问答题（60分） 以下全部四题，任选其中三题回答，每题满分为20分；回答超过三题者，以得分较高之三 题计分 1. 最早的希腊史家着作里记载了很多哲学家的荒谬传闻，这有什麽意义--哲学最重要的 是哲学家所提出来的命题及其论证；哲学的学习者自当就事论事，因理析理，勿因人 而废言，哲学家的生平干哲学什麽事？ 2. Gottlieb的《理性之梦》(The Dream of Reason)说Pythagoreans的「精神的救赎」 (spiritual salvation)的概念可以被戏称为(parodied)为：要得永生就研究数学 (if you want to live forever, study mathematics, see page 25)。为什麽研究数 学才能「得永生」？研究政治不行吗？研究股票不行吗？ 3. 苏格拉底说生活(life)未经检验是不值得活的。《理性之梦》里说他对待神谕 (oracle)的态度也一样：神谕未经检验是不值得接受的。当Delphi的太阳神神庙里的 神谕说没有人比苏格拉底「更有知」(σοφωτερου, sophoteron)。这个神谕 未经检验的意义是什麽？经过苏格拉底的检验以後的真义又是什麽？ 4. 在柏拉图的对话录Meno里，记载了苏格拉底教导一个奴隶小孩毕氏定理(theorem of Pythagoras)的过程。如果真正的苏格拉底与柏拉图所描写的苏格拉底是有差异的，那 麽我们可以问：柏拉图写这个故事是要证明什麽？真正的苏格拉底在这个故事里表现 出来的又是什麽？就你对这两位哲学家的了解回答这个问题！ 考试时可参阅自己所带之任何书籍资料 离开试场时缴交答卷即可；试题毋庸随卷缴回 --

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