课程名称︰英语语音学二 课程性质︰选修 课程教师︰史嘉琳 开课学院：外国语文学系 开课系所︰文学系 考试日期（年月日）︰2010年4月12日 考试时限（分钟）：50分钟 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : Chapter 7 - Consonantal Gestures 1. Describe the following sound. An example is given for your reference. (36%) (按: 由於音标难以输入，所以此部分提供正确答案供参考) [ ] (beta) voiced bilibial fricative a. [ ] (c cedilla) voiceless palatal fricative b. [ ] (left-hook n) voiced palatal nasal c. [ ] (gamma) voiced velar fricative d. [c] voiceless palatal stop e. [x] voiceless velar fricative f. [t](+subscript bridge) voiceless dental stop g. [ ] (curly-tail j) voiced palatal fricative h. [G] voiced uvular stop i. [ ] (curly-tail c) voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative j. [N] voiced uvular nasal k. [ ] (turned y) voiced palatal approximant l. [ ] (barred dotless j) voiced palatal stop 2. What is the IPA symbol for a labiodental nasal? Give an example of a word where might this sound occur allophonically in English. (6%) 3. Name one language that has a labiodental affricate. (6%) 4. What is the definition of a "retroflex" articulation? (20%) 5. Sounds made with the ______ of the tongue are called apical; sounds made with the _____ of the tongue are called laminal. (10%) 6. What do the subscripts [-] and [+] indicate when added below an IPA symbol? (10%) 7. Which English sound is classified as labiovelar? (6%) 8. Give the IPA symbols for four different kinds of /r/ , and describe each one. (16%) --

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