课程名称︰经济学原理与实习二 课程性质︰必修兼通识A5 课程教师︰林明仁 开课学院：社科院 开课系所︰经济系 考试日期（年月日）︰2010/04/23 考试时限（分钟）：180 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） *加上计算第4题表格 附上解答 试题 : 总分:100分 一、选择题(每题皆须附上说明，否则不予计分)(40 points) 1. A consumer is currently spending all of her avalilable income on two goods: music CDs and DVDs. At her current consumption bundle she is spending twice as much on CDs as she is on DVDs. If the consumer has $120 of income and is consuming 10 CDs and DVDs, what is the price of a CD? a.4 b.8 c.12 d.20 2. Because pollution is a by-product of some production processes, GDP a. tend to understate economic social welfare. b. tend to overstate economic social welfare. c. has been fully considered about pollution problems. d. doesn't be related to this issue. 3. Suppose that Martine owns a lighthouse, and Lewis owns a nearby port. Martin's lighthouse benefits only those ships that enter Lewis's port. Which of the following ststements is not correct? a. Martin's lighthouse may be considered a private good. b. Martin can reduce the free-rider problem by charging Lewis a usage fee. c. Martin can exclude Lewis's prot from benefiting from the lighthouse by simply turning the power off. d. Martin's lighthouse would be considered a common resource. 4. Dick owns a dog whose barking annoys Dick's neighbor Jane. Suppose that the benefit of owning the dog is worth $500 to Dick and that Jand bears a cost of $700 from the barking. Assuming Dick has the legal right to keep the dog, a possible private solution to this problem is that a. Jane pays Dick $450 to give the dog to his parents who live on an isolated farm. b. Dick pays Jane $650 for her inconvenience. c. Jane pays Dick $650 to give the dog to his parents who live on an isolated farm. d. There is no private transaction that would improve this situation. 5. Assume that the government proposes a negative income tax that calculates taxes owed by the formula, Taxes Owed = (a*Income) - b. A family with income of $40,000 pays $5,000 in taxes, and a family with an income of $12,000 receives an income subsidy of $2,000. What's the value of a and b? a. 25%, 5000 b. 25%, -5000 c. 20%, 3000 d. 20%, -3000 6. Suppose that Gaga divides her consumption between orange juice and bagels . Both of them are not bads. Orange juice coses $1.00 per glass, and bagel costs $2.00 each. In equilibrium, Gaga consumes both goods. Suppose Gaga chooses a bundle in which the marginal utility of her last glass of her last glass of orange juice is 10, and the marginal utility of her last bagel is 25. Total cost of this bundle matches her income, then a. Gaga is in equilibrium. b. Gaga can increase her utility by consuming more orange juice and fewer bagels. c. Gaga can increase her utility by consuming fewer of both commidities. d. Gaga can increase her utility by consuming more bagels and less orange juice. Table 1 Price and Quantities ───────────────────────────────────── Year Price of Quantity of Price of Quantity of Sandwiches Sandwiches Magazines Magazines ───────────────────────────────────── 2006 $4.00 100 $2.00 180 2007 $5.00 120 $2.50 200 2008 $6.00 150 $3.50 200 ───────────────────────────────────── 7. Refer to Table 1. Using the GDP deflator to measure the average level of prices and using 2006 as the base year, the economy's inflation rate is a. 20% for 2007 and 12.5% for 2008. b. 20% for 2007 and 30% for 2008. c. 25% for 2007 and 28% for 2008. d. 44% for 2007 and 45% for 2008. 8. Suppose the CPI was 108 in 1967, and suppose one must spend $936 today to obtain the same basket of goods and services that could be bought for $200 in 1967. Then today's CPI is a. 410.10 b. 433.33 c. 468.00 d. 505.44 9. Restaurant City Salmon stock is selling at $40 per share, it has retained earnings of $2.00 per share and dividends of $.50 per share. What is the price-earnings ratio and what is the dividend yield? a. 20, 1.25 percent b. 20, 6.25 percent c. 16, 1.25 percent d. None of the above is correct. 10. Mixter Concrete Company is considering buying a new cement truck. The owners and their accountants decide that this is the progitable thing to do. Before they can buy the truck, the interest rate and price of trucks change. In which case do these changes both make them less likely to buy the truck? a. both interest rates and price of trucks rise b. both interest rates and the price of trucks fall c. the interset rate rises and the price of trucks fall d. the interest rate falls and the price of trucks rises 二、简答题 (Short Questions) (15 points) 请用经济学评论以下的观点。 (请勿长篇大论。) 1. 因为我们只有一个地球，地球暖化的结果造成气候变迁，除了影响我们这一代的生 态，也使後代子孙的生存环境更加严峻。因此，我们从现在开始要不计一切代价来 防止地球暖化。(Hint:请用你已学过的现值法或终值法来分析) 2. 请简单介绍最新一期 The Economist 的文章 "Sex and the single black woman". 3. What's the difference between firm-specific risk and market risk? Will diversification eliminate one or both? Explain. 三、计算题 (Calculations) (45 points) 1.(10 points) 外部性 假设两家纸厂六月花(A)与可丽屋(B)在生产的过程中会互相污染，其利润函数分别为 πA = 120 QA - 0.25 QA^2 - 20 QB πB = 240 QB - 0.25 QB^2 - 20 QA a. (4 points) 在政府不干涉、两家不协商的情况下，请问各自决定的产量为何? b. (4 points) 政府不干涉，但两家厂商决定共同创造联合利润的极大化，请问两家 的产量各为何? (Hint: 追求πA+πB的极大。) c. (2 points) 若b.小题中的结果是社会最适量，但法律禁止联合垄断的行为，政府 拟对两家厂商分别课tA与tB的从量税，请问tA与tB该订为多少，可使厂商自行 生产的产量与b.小题相同? 2. (9 points) 消费组合 If Mary consumes products X and Y and spends $480 per time period. The unit prices for X and Y are $5 and $10, resoectuvekt, Mart's utility is given below: U(X,Y)=(X^0.5)(Y^0.5) a. (1 points) Please determine Mary's budget line. b. (4 points) What quantities of X and Y that maximizes utility Maty will consume? c. (4 points) If utility function becomes U(X,Y) = min(X,2Y), what's the optimal quantities of X and Y? 3. (9 points) Unemployment Rate The table below uses data of Taiwan through the year 2007-2009 procides by the DGBAS, R.O.C. (行政院主计处). All values are in thousands. Fill in the (a)-(i) entries in the table. Show your work! ┌────┬─────────┬──────┬───── │Country │ Adult Population │ Labor Force│Employed ├────┼─────────┼──────┼───── │ 2007 │ 18.392 │ (b) │ 10,294 ├────┼─────────┼──────┼───── │ 2008 │ (a) │ 10,853 │ (c) ├────┼─────────┼──────┼───── │ 2009 │ 18,855 │ 10,917 │ (d) └────┴─────────┴──────┴───── ─────┬─────┬─────────┐ Unemployed│Unemployed│Labor-Force │ │ Rate │Participation Rate│ ─────┼─────┼─────────┤ 419 │ (f) │ (h) │ ─────┼─────┼─────────┤ 450 │ (g) │ 58.28 │ ─────┼─────┼─────────┤ (e) │ 5.85 │ (i) │ ─────┴─────┴─────────┘ 4. (14 points) 国民所得 Table 2-1 是我国2006-2009的主计处公布已当期价格计算的国民所得帐，Table 2-2 是以2006年价格为基期计算的国民所得帐，请依据两表回答以下问题： Table 2-1 ─────────────────────────────────────── Year 民间消费 政府消费 固定资本形成 存货增加 输出 输入 国外要素所得 2006 7,248,344 1,469,296 2,730,670 46,283 8,325,717 7,576,839 311,699 2007 7,506,467 1,521,102 2,841,353 14,456 9,304,061 8,276,928 332,766 2008 7,626,271 1,564,394 2,685,662 193,546 9,226,468 8,597,840 314,646 2009 7,619,327 1,607,212 2,321,264 -160,365 7,830,884 6,690,926 423,927 Table 2-2 ─────────────────────────────────────── Year 民间消费 政府消费 固定资本形成 存货增加 输出 输入 国外要素所得 2006 7,248,344 1,469,296 2,730,670 46,283 8,325,717 7,576,839 311,699 2007 7,399,430 1,499,966 2,745,800 12,867 9,120,880 7,576,839 327,658 2008 7,357,070 1,510,131 2,439,027 151,821 9,172,143 7,559,288 299,902 2009 7,465,982 1,564,900 2,151,142 -161,156 8,327,043 6,521,229 405,235 a. (2 points) 请计算2009年以当其价格计算以及基期价格计算的GDP与GNP。 b. (6 points) 请以2006年为基期计算2007~2009年各年的GDP平减指数。 c. (6 points) 请计算2007~9年各年的GDP成长率及通货膨胀率。 5. (3 points) Consider three diffient closed economics with the following national income statistics. Country A has taxes of $40 billion, transfers of $20 billion, and government expenditures on goods and services of $30 billion. Country B has private savings of $60 billion, and investment expenditures of $50 billion. Country C has GDP of $300 billion, investment of $70, consumption of $180 billion, taxes of $60 billion and transfers of $20 billion. Please calculate the governent saving (deficit) amount for three countries. 参考解答: 一、 BBDCA DCDCA 三、 1.a.240 480 b.200 440 c.20 20 2.a.5x+10y=480 b.48 24 c.48 24 3.18622 10713 10403 10278 639 3.91 4.15 58.25 57.9 4.a.12527396 12826682 12951323 13231917 b.99.5 97.15 97.66 c.5.44% -0.5 -1.64% -2.36 -1.35% 0.52 5.-10 -10 -10 --

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