课程名称︰普通化学甲上 课程性质︰ 课程教师︰彭旭明 开课学院：理学院 开课系所︰ 考试日期（年月日）︰2009/11/13 考试时限（分钟）：120min 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : 1.The follow aqueous solutions are common laboratory acids. What are their names? (a)HCl(aq) (b)H2SO4(aq) (c)HNO3(aq) (d)CH3COOH(aq) (e)H3PO4(aq). 2.Name each of the following compounds in English:(a)Na2SO3 (b)Fe2O3 (c)Mg(OH)2 (d)RuCl2 (e)NiSO4-6H2O (f)Hg(NO3)2 (g)Ni(ClO4)2 (h)Ca(OCl)2 (i)Ca3(PO4)2 (j)KCN 3.Dolomite is a mixture carbonate of calcium and magnesium. Calcium and magnesium carbonates both decompose on heating to produce the metal oxides (MgO and CaO)and carbon dioxide(CO2). If 4.84g of residue consisting of MgO and CaO remains when 9.66g of dolomite is heated until decomposition is complete, what percentage by mass of the original sample was MgCO3? 4.A mixture of 4.94g of 85.0% pure phosphine, PH3, and 0.110kg of CuSO4-5H2O is placed in a reaction vessel. (a)Balance the chemical equation for the reation that takes place, given the skeletal form CuSO4-5H2O(s)+PH3(g)-> Cu3P2(s)+H2SO4(aq)+H2O(l). (b)Name each reactant and product. (c)Determine the limiting reactant. (d)Calculate the mass(in grams) of Cu3P2 produced, given that the percentage yield of the reactant is 6.31%. 5.For a hydrogen atom in its ground state, the wavefunction is: 波函数1s=1/(pi)^0.5 >< (1/a0)^1.5 >< e^(-r/a0) a0=5.29><10^(-11)m Calculate the ralative probability of finding the electron in the area described. Assuming the probability of a sphere of volume is identical. (a)in a sphere of volume 1.0x10^-3 pm^3 centered at the nucleus. (b) in a sphere of volume 1.0x10^-3 pm^3 centered in a point 1.0x10^-11m from the nucleus. (c)in a sphere of volume 1.0x10^-3pm^3 centered on a point 53pm from the nucleus. (d)in a shell between two concentric spheres, one with radius 9.95pm and the othe with radius 10.05pm. (e)in a shell between two concentric spheres, one with radius 52.85pm and the other with radius 52.95pm. 6.(a)Sketch the shape of the boundary surfaces corresponding to 3s-, 3p-, and 3d-orbitals. (b)What's meant by a node? (c)How many radial nodes and angular nodal surfaces does each orbital have? (d)Predict the number of nodal planes expected for 4f-orbital. 7.For the electrons on a carbon atom in the ground state, decide which of the following statements are true. If false, explain why. (a)Zeff(有效核电荷数) for an electron in a 1s-orbital is the same as Zeff for an electron in a 2s-orbital. (b)Zeff for an electron in a 2s-orbital is the same as Zeff for an electron in a 2p-orbital. (c)An electron in the 2s-orbital has the same energy as an electron in the 2p-orbital. (d)The electrons in the 2p-orbitals have spin quantum number Ms of opposite sign. (e)The electrons in the 2s-orbital have the same value for the quantum number Ms. 8.The energy required to bread a C-C bond in a molecule is 348kJ/mol. (a)Calculate the maximum wavelength of the radiation which can break a C-C bond. (b)Will visible light be able to break this bond? If not, what type of electromagnetic radiation will be suitable? 9.Explain the Born-Meyer Equation below. 10.Write the Lewis structure of (a)nitronium ion, (b)chlorite ion (c)peroxide ion (d)formate ion (e)azide ion 11.图片...还不懂如何打 12.Place the following molecules or ions in order of decreasing bond length: (a)the CO bond in CO, CO2, CO3(2-) (b)the SO bond in SO2, SO3 SO3(2-) (c)the CN bond in HCN, CH2NH, CH3NH2. Explain your reasoning. 13.Write the Lewis structure and predict the shape of (a)OSbCl3 (b)SO2Cl2 (c)OIO2F(2-) (d)SF6 (e)PCl5 (f)NH3 (g)OCCl2 (h)NO2(+) (i)NO(+) 14.Give the example which has the following shape of the molecule or ion. (a)Linear A-B-A (b)Bent A-B-A with angle close to 120度 (c)Bent A-B-A with angle close 109.5度 15.(a)On the basis of the configuration of neutral molecule O2, construct the molecular orbital of valence molecular orbitals for (1)O2(-) (2)O2(+) (3)O2(2-). (b)for each speciesm give the expected bond order. (c)Which are paramagnetic, if any? (d)Is the highest-energy orbital that contains an electron sigma or pi in character? 16.Benzyne, C6H4, is a highly reactive molecule that is detected only at low temperatures. It is related to benzene in that it has a six-membered ring of carbon atoms; but, instead of three double bonds, the structure is normally drawn with two double bonds and a triple bond. (a)Draw a Lewis structure of the benzyne molecule. Indicate on the structure the hybridization at each carbon atom. (b)On the basis of your understanding of binding, explain why this molecule might be highly reactive. --

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