课程名称︰应用病理学 课程性质︰系订必修 课程教师︰饶宇东等人 开课学院：医学院 开课系所︰护理学系 考试日期（年月日）︰97/6/17 考试时限（分钟）：120min 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : 一.选择题: (A) 1.Reed-Sternberg cell is characteristic of: (A)Hodgkin lymphoma (B)ALL (C)AML (D)CLL (E)CML (D) 2.下列何者常见於左心衰竭? (A)四肢水肿 (B)荳蔻肝 (C)中心静脉压上升 (D)肺水肿 (E)以上皆是 (D) 3.下列何者常见於右心衰竭? (A)肺水肿 (B)心因性气喘 (C)咳血 (D)中心静脉压上升 (E)以上皆是 (E) 4.有关缺血性心脏病的叙述,下列何者正确? (A)起因於冠状动脉硬化 (B)心绞痛为症状之一 (C)可导致心肌梗塞 (D)激烈运动时会加重症状 (E)以上皆是 (E) 5.下列何者为休克之原因? (A)心肌梗塞 (B)脊椎受伤 (C)出血 (D)败血症 (E)以上皆是 (E) 6.有关风湿性心脏病的叙述,何者正确? (A)为链球菌感染之并发症 (B)会引起瓣膜炎 (C)会引起心肌炎 (D)慢性风湿性心脏病会造成瓣膜硬化 (E)以上皆正确 (E) 7.Which of the following statement about Systemic Lupus Erythematosus(SLE) is correct? (A)SLE is an autoimmune disease in which the body's own immune system is directed against the body's own tissues leading to inflammation of various body tissues. (B)It can occur at all ages, but is more common in young woman. (C)Lupus is a complex disease, the cause of which is unknow. (D)Risk factors include ultraviolet light and some drugs. (E)All of above. (D) 8.Cowdry A 包含体与多融合巨细胞(multinucleated giant cells) 是何种感染的病理特徵? (A)EB病毒感染 (B)A型流行性感冒病毒感染 (C)巨细胞病毒感染 (D)水痘 (A) 9.下列何种疾病与EB病毒的感染无关? (A)生殖器官的ㄆㄠˋ疹(对不起注音文,那个字打出来会变问号) (B)鼻咽癌 (C)传染性单核白血球增多症(Infectious mononucleosis) (D)post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (C) 10.一个病人拔牙後脸颊出现红肿热痛,病理切片下有许多嗜中性白血球的浸润. 请问最可能是何种病原菌感染? (A)念珠菌(Candidiasis) (B)粘霉病菌(Mucormycosis) (C)链球菌(Streptococcus) (D)传染性脑脊髓膜炎(Infectious Meningitis)双球菌 (D) 11.一个25岁男性,三周前有性接触,最近在阴茎出现一个红色无痛的硬性溃疡, 病理切片最可能找到何种病原菌? (A)格兰氏阴性双球菌 (B)阿米巴痢疾原虫 (C)分支杆菌 (D)螺旋菌 (B) 12.下列有关结核病的描述何者不正确? (A)乾酪性坏死是它的病理变化之一 (B)化脓性发炎为结核病的组织学特色 (C)肉芽性发炎是结核病的组织学特徵 (D)结核病的分支杆菌可用Acid-fast染色染出来 (A) 13.伪菌丝(pseudohyphae)是何种病原菌的特徵? (A)念珠菌 (B)隐球菌 (C)麴菌 (D)分支杆菌 (A) 14.下列何者非恶性肿瘤? (A)囊腺瘤 (B)淋巴瘤 (C)间皮瘤 (D)黑色素瘤 (E)精细胞瘤 (E) 15.下列何者不是退行性发育的特徵? (A)多形性 (B)细胞核染色极深 (C)巨大细胞 (D)有丝分裂相多 (E)典型有丝分裂相 (B) 16.下列何者是错误的? (A)癌症是细胞生长不受控制的结果 (B)癌症是一种多株性的细胞增生 (C)非致死性的基因伤害是致癌性的中心思想 (D)致癌形成是多步骤的 (E)癌症是体内的微演化 (C) 17.Burkitt's 淋巴瘤会出现下列何基因的活化? (A)Ras (B)p53 (C)Myc (D)c-kit (E)Rb (C) 18.下列何者致癌物和癌症的组合是错误的? (A)黄麴毒素--肝癌 (B)亚硝酸盐--胃癌 (C)芳香胺,偶氮染--大肠癌 (D)Benzo-α-pyrene--肺癌 (A) 19.下列何种病毒可能带有致癌基因? (A)急性RNA转形病毒 (B)慢性RNA转形病毒 (C)急性DNA转形病毒 (D)慢性DNA转形病毒 (C) 20.以下哪些疾病,病人可能伴有心脏畸形的问题?(1)Edwards syndrome, (2) Huntington's disease, (3)Turner syndrome, (4)trisomy 13 (A)(1),(2),(4) (B)(2),(3),(4) (C)(1),(3),(4) (D)(2),(4) (E)(3),(4) (B) 21.有位4岁女孩被父母带到小儿科求诊,医师怀疑这位女孩可能是唐氏症(Down syndrome),请问下列何种针对第21对染色体的分子诊断方法可确定这位小朋友 罹患唐氏症? (A)RT-PCR (B)FISH (C)DNA polymorphism (D)Southern blot analysis (A) 22.下列哪一种发生於幼儿的肿瘤,其治疗方式以化学治疗为主? (A)neuroblastoma (B)cavernous hemangioma (C)capillary hemangioma (D)mature teratoma (E)lymphangioma (D) 23.下列何种遗传疾病的遗传模式为性联遗传? (A)cleft lip (B)Huntington's disease (C)Edwards syndrome(trisomy 18) (D)Hemophilia A (E)Marfan's syndrome (B) 24.Fragile-X syndrome 是triple-repeat expansion disease之一种,有关 fragile-X syndrome的事实,以下何者为非? (A)病人X染色体有不正常之 CGG triple repeats 增长 (B)遗传模式是 autosomal dominant (C)X 染色体中的 CGG triple repeats 的数目愈多,病人发病年龄愈早,症状也愈 严重 (D)病人除了有脸部外观的异常,也常伴有智商低下 (E) 25.有关唐氏症,何者为非? (A)发生率约为1/700 (B)约40%的唐氏症病人伴有心脏病 (C)智能不足,断掌为临床常见表现 (D)是染色体第二十一对出问题 (E)好发於女婴 (D) 26.下列何者会造成脚部的黑色坏疽? (A)急性汞中毒 (B)急性铅中毒 (C)慢性铜中毒 (D)慢性砷中毒 (C) 27.下列何者需要外科手术缝合? (A)擦伤 (B)淤血伤 (C)裂伤 (D)烫伤 (B) 28.鼻咽癌病人接受钴60放射线治疗後引起口乾症是一种: (A)免疫性疾病 (B)辐射线性伤害 (C)癌症的扩散 (D)EBV病毒感染 (D) 29.下列何者为急性巴拉刈中毒的首要伤害器官? (A)大脑 (B)小脑 (C)肝脏 (D)肾脏 (C) 30.酒精会引起: (A)肺栓塞 (B)肾盂炎 (C)小结节性肝硬化 (D)肾结石 (B) 31.服用安非他命会造成: (A)乾眼症 (B)高体温症 (C)药物过敏性无防御型休克 (D)全身性溶血症 (D) 32.急性炎症(acute inflammation)最早出现的变化是: (A)吞噬作用(phagocytosis) (B)血管通透性增加 (C)血管外渗(extravasation) (D)血管扩张 (B) 33.在血管外渗(extravasation)的过程中,下述现象的顺序依序为何?(1)黏着 (adhesion), (2)靠边(margination), (3)滚动(rolling), (4)移出 (transmigration), (5)活化(integrin) (A)12345 (B)23514 (C)35214 (D)51324 (D) 34.下列急性发炎的主要现象中,何者不能单纯以血管反应来解释? (A)红 (B)肿 (C)热 (D)痛 (C) 35.典型的结核病(tuberculosis, TB)病灶,在组织型态学上的主要表现为何? (A)浆液性(serous)发炎 (B)化脓性(purulent)发炎 (C)肉芽肿性发炎(granulomatous) (D)纤维化(fibrosis) (A) 36.关於慢性炎症(chronic inflammation),何者较不正确? (A)皆由久未消退的急性炎症衍生而来 (B)以单核发炎细胞为主要浸润细胞 (C)大多伴随组织的破坏 (D)多半随再生与修复 (C) 37.伤口的一期癒合(healing by first intention)与二期癒合(healing by second intention),两者最主要的差别在於: (A)癒合速度 (B)伤口出血量 (C)伤口收缩 (D)疤痕大小 (C) 38.微小病变(minimal change disease)是下列何种细胞之foot process不正常? (A)Mesangial cells (B)Endothelial cells (C)Podocytes (D)Parietal epithelial cells (A) 39.Which one is most important for nephrotic syndrome(肾病症候群)? (A)Heavy proteinuria(>3.5 gm/day) and hypoalbuminemia(<3 gm/dl). (B)Hyperlipidemia(cholesterolnemia, triglyceridemia) and hypertension. (C)Edema and oligouria. (D)Hypertension and hematuria. (A) 40.有关子宫颈癌,下列何者正确? (A)并非所有上皮内赘瘤(Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia, CIN)都会演变成 子宫颈癌. (B)一般而言,只有分化差的鳞状细胞癌(Poorly-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma)与人类乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染有关. (C)大部分子宫颈腺癌(Adenocarcinoma)与人类乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染无关. (D)与子宫颈癌发生最相关的人类乳头瘤病毒是第11型(HPV type 11). (D) 41.有关子宫内膜增生(Endometrial hyperplasia),下列何者正确? (A)与长期黄体激素(progesterone)刺激有关 (B)目前广用的子宫内膜增生的分类中,单纯性增生(simple hyperplasia)与子宫 内膜癌的发生最相关 (C)无排卵性月经周期(Anovulatory cycle)不会造成子宫内膜增生 (D)卵巢的滤泡颗粒性细胞瘤(Granulosa Cell Tumor)常伴随有子宫内膜增生现象 (B) 42.停经前妇女最常见的子宫肿瘤是: (A)恶性平滑肌肉瘤(Leiomyosarcoma) (B)平滑肌瘤(Leiomyoma) (C)子宫内膜息肉(Endometrial polyp) (D)肌层腺体症(Adenomyosis) (C) 43.有关卵巢肿瘤下列何者正确? (A)最常见的卵巢肿瘤为生殖细胞瘤(Germ cell tumor) (B)卵巢恶性肿瘤中以黏液性囊腺癌(Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma)最常见 (C)成熟性畸胎瘤(Mature teratoma)是生殖细胞瘤(Germ cell tumor)中最常见 (D)滤泡颗粒性细胞瘤(Granulosa cell tumor)较常发生在青春期女性 (A) 44.引起腹膜腔假黏液瘤(Pseudomyxoma peritonei)最常见的原因是原发於下列何处 的黏液性肿瘤(Mucinous tumor)? (A)阑尾(Appendix) (B)卵巢(Ovary) (C)胰脏(Pancreas) (D)子宫颈(Cervix) (D) 45.有关女性乳房疾病下列何者正确? (A)最常见的恶性肿瘤是Paget氏症(Paget's disease) (B)与乳癌的预後最相关的因素是肿瘤的大小(Tumor size) (C)纤维囊肿性病变(Fibrocystic disease)不会与乳癌的发生有关 (D)纤维腺瘤(Fibroadenoma)是女性乳房最常见的良性肿瘤 (C) 46.高血压性脑出血最常发生於何处? (A)额叶 (B)视丘 (C)基底核 (D)枕叶 (E)顶叶 (C) 47.好发於小孩小脑部位的神经肿瘤是: (A)视神经瘤 (B)神经鞘瘤 (C)髓芽细胞瘤 (D)胶原细胞瘤 (E)血管瘤 (D) 48.巴金森氏(Parkinson's disease)症的病灶最常发生於脑的何处? (A)视丘 (B)基底核 (C)海马回 (D)黑质 (E)嗅叶 (C) 49.下列哪一种脑部病变在病理上不容易见到有病灶? (A)脑挫伤(contussion) (B)硬脑膜外出血(epidural hemorrhage) (C)脑震荡(concussion) (D)脑肿瘤(Brain tumor) (E)以上皆非 (B) 50.下列哪一个是用来描述因脑部损伤所造成的胃溃疡? (A)Curling氏溃疡 (B)Cushing氏溃疡 (C)幽门螺旋杆菌溃疡 (D)消化性溃疡 (E)NSAID溃疡 (D) 51.下列的颅内出血多属於自发性(spontaneous)出血,除了: (A)动脉瘤(aneurysm) (B)动静脉畸形 (C)血管瘤(hemangioma) (D)脑挫伤 (E)脑瘤 (D) 52.关於退化性关节炎(Osteoarthritis),何者为非? (A)较常见於老人 (B)Heberden's node(结节)属之 (C)较常见於大关节 (D)只有原发性 (E) 53.下列何项非癌症侵犯所引起的症状? (A)霍纳氏症候群(Horner's syndrome) (B)潘科斯特氏症候群(Pancoast's syndrome) (C)上腔静脉症候群(Superior vena cava syndrome) (D)声音嘶哑 (E)百日咳(Whooping cough) (A) 54.Which matching pair is correct? (A)Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia-kernicterus (B)Hemolysis-conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (C)Biliary atresia-Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (D)Neonatal(giant cell) hepatitis-liver cirrhosis (C) 55.Which matching pair is most appropriate? (A)Acute hepatitis A-development of chronic hepatitis A (B)Acute hepatitis E-development of liver cirrhosis (C)Acute hepatitis C-development of chronic hepatitis C (D)Acute hepatitis B in adult-development of chronic hepatitis B (D) 56.Which matching pair is NOT appropriate? (A)Fulminant hepatitis A-massive liver necrosis (B)Chronic hepatitis B-hepatocellular carcinoma (C)Chronic hepatitis C-hepatocellular carcinoma (D)Fulminant hepatitis B-steatohepatitis (D) 57.Which one is NOT a characteristic feature of liver cirrhosis? (A)Diffuse bridging fibrous septum formation (B)Varices (C)Parenchymal nodules (D)Bile duct damage (D) 58.Which matching pair is NOT appropriate? (A)Alcoholic hepatitis-Mallory bodies (B)Alcoholic cirrhosis-liver weight >3000 gm (C)Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)-obesity with fatty liver (D)Primary biliary cirrhosis-chronic bile duct stone and infection (B) 59.Which matching pair is NOT appropriate? (A)Liver rejection-bile duct damage (B)Reye syndrome-massive liver necrosis (C)Hepatocellular adenoma-oral contraceptives (D)Hepatocellular carcinoma-cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis B (C) 60.Which matching pair is NOT appropriate? (A)Pancreatic head cancer-obstructive jaundice (B)Acute pancreatitis-fat necrosis (C)Hepatitis B vaccination-decrease in HBsAg(+) rate in adults (D)Hepatitis B vaccination-decrease in hepatocellular carcinoma in children (D) 61.下列叙述何者为非? (A)leukoplakia 是一种 premalignant lesion (B)Herpes simplex 在口腔的感染,起病理病变可以 Tzanck test 来检测 (C)Aphthous ulcer 是一种溃疡,不药物治疗亦能自动复原 (D)Pleomorphic adenoma 是唾液腺少见的恶性肿瘤 (B) 62.现今认为胃溃疡和胃炎大部分是来自於微生物感染,请问其感染致病微生物是? (A)Staphylococcus (B)Helicobacter pylori (C)Pneumococcus (D)Candida albicans (D) 63.胃肿瘤的种类甚多,请问其肿瘤细胞源自於中胚层者是: (A)adenocarcinoma (B)squamous cell carcinoma (C)lymphoma (D)gastrointestinal stromal tumor (C) 64.当一位大学生因面临期末考,在上唇内部产生了单一浅而小且疼痛的溃疡,她最可 能得了下列哪一种疾病? (A)Herpes simplex infection (B)leukoplakia (C)Aphthous ulcer (D)squamous cell carcinoma (A) 65.巨结肠症(Hirschsprung's disease)是起因於: (A)肌肉层和黏膜下层缺少神经细胞和神经节 (B)E. coli感染 (C)饮食过度 (D)不良大便习惯 (B) 66.痔疮(Hemorrhoid)的病理变化是: (A)大肠肥大性息肉 (B)肛门之静脉丛扩张充血 (C)霉菌感染增生 (D)大肠淋巴系统阻塞 (E) 67.下列哪一种甲状腺肿瘤不是源自於滤泡细胞(follicular cell)? (A)乳头状癌 papillary carcinoma (B)滤泡癌 follicular carcinoma (C)滤泡腺瘤 follicular adenoma (D)未分化癌 anaplastic carcinoma (E)髓质癌 medullary carcinoma (E) 68.生长激素腺瘤(growth hormone adenoma)不会引起下列何种症状? (A)末端肥大 acromegaly (B)巨人症 gigantism (C)头痛 (D)视野缺陷 (E)多毛症 hirsutism (A) 69.胫骨前黏液水肿(pretibial myxedema)是哪一疾病的特徵? (A)葛雷夫氏病 (Graves disease) (B)多结节性甲状腺肿 (multinodular goiter) (C)桥本氏甲状腺炎 (Hashimoto thyroiditis) (D)呆小症 (cretinism) (E)亚急性甲状腺炎 (C) 70.最常引起原发性副甲状腺机能抗近的原因是: (A)原发性副甲状腺增生 (B)副甲状腺癌 (C)副甲状腺腺瘤 (D)肾衰竭 (E)骨质疏松 (D) 71.下列哪一种原因不会引起库辛氏症候群(Cushing's syndrome)? (A)肾上腺皮质腺瘤 (B)原发性肾上腺皮质增生 (C)长期服用类固醇药物 (D)Conn's syndrome (E)Cushing's disease (B) 72.(pheochromocytoma)(multiple endocrine neoplasia)? (A)type I (B)type II (C)type III (D)type IV (E)type V 二.配合题: (B)73.Type I Hypersensitivity (A)Immune Complex-mediated (C)74.Type II Hypersensitivity (B)Eosinophils and Mast cells-mediated (A)75.Type III Hypersensitivity (C)Fc/Complement-mediated (D)76.Type IV Hypersensitivity (D)Cell-mediated Match the marker with the disease: (D)77.CD3 (A)AML (B)78.CD20 (B)B-cell Lymphoma (C)79.TdT (C)ALL (A)80.MPO (D)T-cell Lymphoma (C)81.鼻窦炎(Sinusitis) (A)枯草热(Hay fever) (E)82.鼻咽癌(Nasopharyngeal carcinoma) (B)乾酪性坏死(Caseous necrosis) (D)83.气喘(Asthma) (C)骨髓炎(Osteomyelitis) (A)84.过敏性鼻炎(Allergic rhinitis) (D)阵发性支气管痉挛 (B)85.结核病 (E)颈部淋巴结肿大 (B)86.骨软骨瘤(Osteochondroma) (A)纤维性发育不良(Fibrous dysplasia) (C)87.类风湿性关节炎(Rheumatoid arthritis) (B)可能恶性变化成软骨肉瘤 (Chondrosarcoma) (A)88.Albright 氏症(Albright's triad) (C)关节翳(Pannus)形成 (D)89.骨发生不全(Osteogenesis imperfecta) (D)Type I collagen 缺陷 (E)90.骨质疏松(Osteoporosis) (E)Estrogen (D)91.Seminoma (A)clear cells in majority (C)92.Chinese herb nephropathy (B)old age and high prevalence rate (AB)93.Condyloma acuminatum (C)interstitial fibrosis (A)94.Renal cell carcinoma (D)with lymphocytes and radiosensitive (B)95.Prostate cancer (E)central zone (A+B)human papilloma virus (A+C)with lymphocytes and radioresistant 三.是非题: Yes:A ; No:B (B)96.The main cause of cellular coagulation necrosis is due to short of nutrition. (A)97.During hepatic ischemic change, we may observe some enzyme levels such as GOT, elevated in serum. (B)98.Over physical exercise may induce muscular hyperplasia. (B)99.Apoptosis may be induced by tuberculosis. (A)100.In the tissue hemorrhage, hemosiderin pigment can always be seen in the damage region. --

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