课程名称︰质能平衡甲 课程性质︰系定必修 课程教师︰谌玉真 开课学院：工学院 开课系所︰化学工程学系 考试日期（年月日）︰97.06.10 考试时限（分钟）：1:30 pm ~ 3:30 pm 120 分钟 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : Mass and Energy Balance Final Exam 1. Superheated steam at 40 bar absolute and 500 ℃ flows at a rate of 250 kg/min to an adiabatic turbine, where it expands to 5 bar. The turbine develops 1500kW. From the turbine the steam flows to a heater, where it is reheated isobarically to its initial temperature. Neglect kinetic and potential energy changes. a) Write an energy balance on the turbine and use it to determine the outlet steam temperature. b) Write an energy balance on the heater and use it to determine the required input (kW) to the steam. c) Verify that an overall energy balance on the two-unit process is satisfied. 2. Wet solids pass through a continuous dryer. Hot dry air at rate of 400 kg/min and picks up the water that evaporates from the solids. Humid air leaves the dryer at 50℃ containing 2.44 wt% water vapor and passes through a condenser in which it is cooled to 10℃. The pressure is constant at 1 atm throughout the system. a) At what rate (kg/min) is water evaporating in the dryer? b) Use the psychrometric chart to estimate the wet-bulb temperature, relative humidity, dew point, and specific enthalpy of the air leaving the dryer. c) Use the psychrometric chart to estimate the absolute humidity and specific enthalpy of the air leaving the condenser. d) Use the results of part (b) and (c) to calculate the rate of condensation of water (kg/min) and the rate at which heat must be transferred from the condenser (kW). 3. A liquid mixture containing 35.0 mole% n-pentane and the balance n-hexane at 10℃ enters a heat exchanger at a rate of 25 kmol/h. The exchanger has been designed to heat and vaporize the liquid and heat the vapor mixture to 180℃. The heating fluid is a high molecular weight liquid with a constant heat capacity Cp - 2.62 kJ/(kg‧℃). It enters the exchanger at 215℃ and flows countercurrently to the hydrocarbon mixture. a) Calculate the enthalpy change (kJ/h) undergone by the hydrocarbon mixture in the heat exchanger. b) According to the heat exchanger design, the heating fluid exit temperature should be 45℃. Assuming that all the heat lost by the heating fluid is transferred to the hydrocarbon mixture, what is the required mass flow rate of the heating fluid? 4. A 10.0 wt% H2SO4 solution at 60℉ is to be concentrated to 40.0 wt% by evaporation of water. The concentrated solution and water vapor emerge from the evaporator at 160℉ and 1 atm. Calculate the rate at which heat must be transferred to the evaporator to process 1000 ibm/h of the feed solution. 5. An aqueous solution containing 85 wt% H2SO4 at 60℉ (specific gravity = 1.78) is diluted with pure liquid water at the same temperature to form 30 wt% H2SO4 solution. The feed solution volume is 350mL. The mixing may be considered adiabatic, and the pressure is constant at 1 atm. a) Use the enthalpy-concentration chart to estimate the specific enthalpies (Btu/ibm) of the feed solution and the water. Then write an energy balance on this closed system constant-pressure process and solve it for the specific enthalpy of the product solution. Finally, use the enthalpy- concentration chart to verify the calculated value and to estimate the product solution temperature. b) Use the enthalpy-concentration chart to estimate the maximum temperature that could be attained by mixing the feed solution with pure water and the concentration (wt% H2SO4) of the product solution. c) Good laboratory practice calls for adding acid to water when carrying out dilutions rather than vice versa. Use the enthalpy-concentration chart to justify this rule for the dilution of the feed solution in this problem. P.S. 有附上质能平衡课本上面後面的表 1. Table B.7 2. Figure 8.4-1 Psychrometric Chart / Enthalpy-concentration chart 3. Table B.2 (compounds from Cumene to Water) 4. Table B.1 (compounds from methyl ethyl ketone to methyl chloride) 5. Table F.3 Saturated Steam, English units. -->不是课本的 --

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