课程名称︰普通化学甲下 课程性质︰必修 课程教师︰苏志明 开课学院：理学院 开课系所︰化学系 考试日期（年月日）︰97年5/2 考试时限（分钟）：120分钟(吧) 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : 1. A certain oxygen atom has the electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2px2 2py2. (a) How many unpaired electrons are present? (b) Is this an exited state or ground state? Give your explanations. 2. Small daily doses (1-2g) of lithium carbonate taken orally are often given to treat some type of mental illness (so called bipolar disease). This dosage maintain the level of lithium ion in the blood at 1x10^(-3) mol/L. (a) What is the formula of lithium carbonate? (b) How many grams of lithium are present per liter of blood in these patiant? 3. The following graph plots the first, second, third ionization for Mg, Al, and Si. Without referencing the ionization energy table, which plot corresponds to which elements? In one of plots, there is a huge jump in energy between I2 and I3, unlike in the other two plots. Explain this phenomenon. 图片: 横轴(Number of eletrons removed):有1 2 3 三个点,画垂直线 纵轴(Ionization energy (kJ/mol) ) 有折线a b c 在横轴为1时 c<a<c 2 a<b<c 3 c<b<a 然後折线a在2 3之间有很大的落差 4. Explain the following terminologies or statements: a. Hund's rule and give example. b. Core electrons and valence electrons of an atom. c. Metalloids. d. Pauling's electronegativity scale and its basic resoning. e. Give the full English name for VSEPR model. f. Formal charge and give an example. g. Hyberconjugation and give an example. 5. Oxidation of the cyanide ion lrodoces the stable cyanate ion, OCN-. The fulminate ion, CNO-, on the other hand, is very unstable. Fulminate salts explode when struck. Write the Lewis structures and assign formal charges for the cyanate and fulminate ions. Why is the fulminate ion so unstable? 6. Give your reasoning why MgO is an ionic compound but CO is not an ionic compound. 7. (a) The sp2 hybrid atomic orbitals have the following general form Φ1 = √(1/3) x (ψs) + 2A x (ψpx) Φ2 = √(1/3) x (ψs) - A x (ψpx) + B x (ψpy) Φ3 = √(1/3) x (ψs) - A x (ψpx) - B x (ψpy) in which ψs, ψpx, and ψpy represent the orthonormal (i.e. being normalized and orthogonalizes) atomic orbitals. Calculate the values of A and B. (b) In writing down the above hybridized orbitals, we have arbitrary put Φ1 lie along the x axis (strictly speaking in cylindrical symmetry along the x-axis). If we rotate Φ1 orbital along the z-axis by, say 45度 counter-clockwise, what would be the function forms for the above three sp2 orbitals in terms of the initial ψs, ψpx, and ψpy atomic orbitals? 8. (a) Sketch and also label the energy levels for all possible molecular orbitals of the BeH, OH, and HF hetero-nuclear diatomic molecules which may be involed in the bonding formation. As the energy references, the first energy of H, Be, O, and F are 1312, 899, and 1681 kJ/mol, respectively. (b) For the above molecules, fill all the valence electrons of the molecules into the molecular orbitals and calculate their bond orders. 9. Draw the Lewis structures, predict the molecular structures(i.e. geometries), and describe the bonding (in terms of the hybrid orbitals for the central atom) for the following. (a) XeO3 (b) XeO4 (c) XeOF4 (d) XeOF2 (e) XeO3F2 --

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