课程名称︰普通化学乙下 课程性质︰必带;可当通识 课程教师︰简淑华 开课学院：生农学院 开课系所︰森林系 考试日期（年月日）︰2008/04/16 考试时限（分钟）：10:20～13:00 是否需发放奖励金：是 （如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题 : 1. Briefly explain or distinguish the following terms: [30%] (1) barometer and manometer (2) London dispersion forces and van der Waals forces (3) homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis (4) ideal gas and ideal solution (5) critical point and triple point (6) colloid and suspension (7) crystalline and amorphous solid (8) Schottky and Frenkel defects (9) hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties (10)isotropic and anisotropic liquids (11)n-type and p-type semiconductor (12)acceptor level and donor level (13)Henry's Law and Raoult's Law (14)fluids and supercritical fluids(SCF) (15)peptides and proteins 2. Provisde the full name or chemical formulas: [4%] (1) LNG(fuel) (2) LCD(device) (3) DMF(solvent) (4) asprin(medicine) 3. Arrange in order of decreasing the specified properties: [6%] (1) boiling point: propane , n-butane, 2-methyl propane(isobutane), n-pentane , acetone. (2) melting point: KBr, Cl2 , CS2 , Ne. (3) freezing point of aqueous solution: 0.1m KCl ,0.1m SrCl2 , 0.1m HCl , 0.1m benzoic acid. (4) packing efficiency: simple cubic , BCC and FCC structure. (5) hole in ionic lattices: cubic , octahedral , tetrahedral (6) band gap: diamond , silicon , Germanium 4. For each of the following physical quantities give the order of magnitude and dimensions by citing common units: [10%] (1) ideal gas constant (2) Boltzmann constant (3) Avogadro's number (4) boiling point of liquid helium (5) temperature of liquid nitrogen bath (6) temperature of dry ice in acetone (7) absoluter zero = _____ ℃ (8) 1 pascal(Pa) = ______N/m2 ; 1 atm =________kPa =______ mbar 5. Answer the following questions: [50%] (1) Calculate the density and the rms speed of methane at STP. please clearly define"density","rms speed"and"STP". (2) What is the ratio of effusion rates of UF6(235) and UF6(238) through a porous barrier? How many effusion steps are needed to obtain 99.5% pure UF6(235) in the isotope separation process? (give U(235)=235.04 amu ; U(238)=238.05 amu ; F=19.00 amu) (3) Combusion of a 300.0 mg sample of an antidepressant in excess oxygen produced 326 ml of CO2 and 164 ml of water vapor at STP. Separate analysis shows that the sample contained 23.28% oxygen. If the sample is known to contain only C, H, O, and N, determine the percent composition and the empirical formula of the antidepressant. (4) Both water and methanol have anomalously high boiling points due to hydrogen bonding, but boiling poing of water is higher than that of methanol despite its lower molecular mass. Why? Draw the structures of these two compounds, including any lone pairs, and indicate potential hydrogen bonds. (5) The vapor pressure of liquid Ni at 1606℃ is 0.100 torr, whereas at 1805℃, its vapor pressure is 1.000 torr. At what temperature does the liauid have a vapor pressure of 2.500 torr? (6) What is capillary action? What two opposing forces are responsible for capillare action ? How do these forces determine the shape of the meniscus ? (7) Metallic gold has a face-centered cubic cell with an edge length of 407.8 pm. (a) How many gold atoms are in each unit cell? (b) Calculate the density of gold. (c) Determine the packing efficiency of the structure. (d) Is it a hcp structure ? (e) What is its coordination number ? (Au=196.97amu) (8) In the x-ray diffraction of crystal, Cu Kαline with wavelength of 0.154 nm was used, a first-order reflection was obtained at an angle of 21.5°. (a) Write the Bragg Equation and use it to calculate the distance between the crystal planes. (b) Predict how the diffraction angle would change if Mo Kα radiation with wavelength of 0.154 nm were used. (c) Why UV light does not result in the appearance of a diffraction pattern ? (9) The first-order rate constant for the gas-phase decomposition of N2O5 to NO2 and O2 at 70℃ is 6.82x10^(-3)s-1. (a) Write the differential and the integrated rate law for the first- order reaction. (b) Give a simple mathematics expression for the half-life of the first -order reaction ? (c) If we start with 0.500 mole of N2O5 in a 500-mL container, how long will it take for the quantity of N2O5 to drop to 0.250 mole ? (10) A 0.050 M aqueous solution of FeCl3 has an osmotic pressure of 4.15 atm at 25℃. Calcutate the van's Hoff factor for the solution. -----------------------------------THE END--------------------------------- --

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