课程名称︰普通化学丙 课程性质︰系定必修 课程教师︰郑淑芬 开课学院：工学院 开课系所︰机械系 考试日期（年月日）︰2008/03/24 考试时限（分钟）：110 是否需发放奖励金：是 (如未明确表示，则不予发放） 试题: 1. Write the correct chemical formulas to distinguish between (a) sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate (b) aluminum nitride and aluminum nitrite (c) potassium phosphate and potassium phosphite (d) hydrogen sulfide and hydrosulfuric acid (10%) 2. A car tire is inflated at 18度C to a pressure of 1.9 atm. After the car has been driven for several hours, the volume of the tire expands from 8.2L to 8.7L and the pressure increases to 2.0 atm. What is the tire's temperature ? (5%) 3. Silver metal has a faced-center cubic structure, (a) What is the length of the unit cell if the atomic radius is 144.4 pm? (b) What is the density of silver metal? (atomic mass of silver = 107.87) (5%) 4. The purity of a gold object is specified in carats: the number of parts by mass of gold in 24 parts of an alloy. A 24-carat gold object is thus pure gold. The density of 24-carat gold is 19.3g.cm^-3. The 18-carat gold is commonly alloyed with silver and has a density of 17.2g.cm^-3. What is the density of the 14-carat gold if it is also alloyed with silver? (5%) 5. What is the maximum number of electons that can have the following quantum numbers: (a) n = 0, l = 1 (b) n = 3, l = 1 (c) n = 2, l = 2, ml = -1 (d) n = 3, l = 2, ml = 0 (e) n = 1, l = 0, ml = -1, ms = 1/2 (5%) 6. (i)Name the following elements, show (ii) the elestron configuration, and give (iii) the four quantum numbers in the form of (n, l, ml, ms) for the electron in the highest occupied orbital of eatch of them. (a) Mg (b) Mn (c)Br (9%) 7. Write the chemical cormula of the following compounds: (a) (图) (b) (图) (一些有机物的图,不会画) (c) (图) (6%) 8. Naturally occuring strontium consists of the following four isotopes. The mass of strontium is 87.62. Calaulate the precent abundance of Strontium-87 and Strontium-88 __________________________________________________________________________ Isotope Atomic mass, u Precent abundance (%) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Strontium-84 83.913 0.56 Strontium-86 85.909 9.86 Strontium-87 86.909 x Strontium-88 87.906 y __________________________________________________________________________ (5%) 9. It requires 186 kJ/mol to eject eletrons from sodium metal. (a) What is the effective nuclear charge (Z eff) for this electron? (b) Whit is the minimum frequency of light necessary to emit electrons from sodium via the photoelectric effect? (c) If sodium is irradiated with light of 212nm, what is the maximum velocity of the emitted electron? (d) what is the wavelength of the matter wave of this emmit electron? (10%) 10. Describe the con tribution of the following scients and give the represen- tative equations in understanding the atomic structure. (a) Louis de Broglie (b) Werner Heisenberg (c) Erwin Schrodinger (6%) 11. Sterling silver consists of silver with 7.5% by weight Cu. (a) Use the phase diagram below to discribe the changes in a molten mixture of silver with 7.5% copper when colled from 1000度C to room temperture. (b) How can one obtain single phase silver by varying the colling rate? (图，不会画) (5%) 12. Write the balanced net redox equations for the following reactions: (a) The disproportionation of liquid bromine in a basic solution to produce bromate and bromide ions. (b) Potassium permanganate solution is reduced with iron(II) chloride in acidic condition. (c) The action of concentrated nitric acid on zinc metal. One of the products is nitrogen dioxide. (12%) 13. Briefly explain the following observation: (a) Zn has a smaller radius than that of Ca, but lower melting point than Ca. (b) Ni forms a substitutional alloy eith copper over the entire composition range, while silver and copper cannot form a substitutional alloy over the entire composition range. (c) The resistivity of Mn is the highest among the first row transition metals. (d) Generally, metals which are fcc(Cu, Ag, Au, pt, Pb, Ni, Al etc.) are more malleable and ductile than hcp(Ti, Zr, Be) or bcc metals(W, Z, Mo, Cr, Fe). (e) The values of lelctron affinity of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs decrease in the order of 60 > 53 > 48 > 47 > 46 kJ/mol, while those of F, Cl and I are 328 < 349 > 325 > 295 > 270 kJ/mol. (20%) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Useful informations: gas constant, R = 0.08206 atm L mol^-1 K^1 Avogadro constant, NA = 6.022 x 10^23 / mol Plank's constant, h = 6.626 x 10^-34 J.s = 6.626 x 10^-27 erg.s 1 atm = 760 mmHg = 760 Torr 1 eV = 96.487 kJ/mol Speed of light, c = 2.9979 x 10^8 m/s Mass of electron = 9.109 x 10^-31 kg Atomic mass: H = 1.00 He = 4.00 C = 12.01 N = 14.01 O = 16.00 Ne = 20.18 Na = 22.99 Mg = 24.13 Cl = 35.45 K = 39.10 I =126.90 Pc =207.19 ※ 编辑: cccWccc 来自: 59.115.176.181 (03/31 09:30)