The Naval Criminal Investigative Service (NCIS) is the United States Department of the Navy's primary law enforcement agency and successor to the former Naval Investigative Service. 海军犯罪调查处（NCIS）承继自前海军调查处（NIS），是美国海军部主要的执法 部门。 NCIS was originally part of the Office of Naval Intelligence, being tasked with detection and counterintelligence missions. Later, cri- minal investigations were also added to the agency's mission, with these tasks being performed mainly by civilian agents--as is also the case with the U.S. Coast Guard's Investigative Service (CGIS) and the DOD's Defense Criminal Investigative Service (DCIS). This differs from the practice of the Army's Criminal Investigatio- ns Division (USACIDC) and the U.S. Air Force Office of Special Inv- estigations, each of which relies primarily upon military personnel to conduct investigations. NCIS原本是海军情报局的一部，主责侦察与反情报，後来其任务加入犯罪调查工 作，主要由平民探员负责执行。这和美国海岸防卫队调查处及国防部国防犯罪调 查处是相同的，而美国陆军犯罪调查局及美国空军特别调查局仍仰赖军方人员。 During the 1970s, NIS civilian agents gained civil service status and the agency separated from ONI, becoming an Echelon II command directly accountable to the Chief of Naval Operations. In Cathal F- lynn, a former Naval Special Warfare Command officer, became the f- irst flag rank officer to command NIS. During this time NIS also a- ssumed command of the anti-terrorist intelligence mission for the Navy, opening the Navy Anti-terrorist Alert Center (ATAC). 1970年代，NIS平民探员以平民雇员的身份从海军情报局分离，成为向海军军令部 长负责的第二级机构，Cathal Flynn是首位NIS的将军级指挥官。同一时间，NIS 开始承担起海军的反恐怖情报任务，并且成立海军反恐警戒中心（ATAC）。 On 19 April 1989, an explosion aboard the battleship USS Iowa ripp- ed through her Number Two 16-inch gun turret, killing 47 crewmen. The NIS Investigators at first theorized that a crewman had detona- ted an explosive device in the turret due to the end of a homosexu- al affair with another sailor, who survived. This theory was later abandoned, and the cause of the explosion is generally believed to have been static electricity igniting loose powder. 1989年4月19日，美国海军爱荷华号战舰的十六寸炮塔发生爆炸，造成四十七名船 员殉职。NIS干员起初推论这是因为有名水手携带爆炸装置进入炮塔，准备结束他 和另外一名生还船员间的同性恋情。但此推论很快被废弃，一般认为，这次爆炸 系因静电诱发火药造成。 In 1992 the NIS mission was again clarified and became a mostly ci- vilian agency. Roy D. Nedrow, a former United States Secret Servic- e (USSS) executive, became the first civilian director of the newl- y renamed NCIS. Virtually all NCIS investigators, criminal, counte- rintelligence, and force protection personnel are now sworn civili- an personnel with powers of arrest and warrant service. The except- ion are a small number of reserve military elements engaged in cou- nterintelligence support. 1992年，NIS再度明确定义其任务，并且成为完全的平民机构。前美国密勤局官员 Roy D. Nedrow成为更名NCIS的首任平民处长。实际上，所有NCIS的调查员都由平 民宣誓就任，在犯罪、反情报与军事人员保护上被赋予逮捕及搜查的权限，例外 则是提供反情报支援的部分後备军人。 Current missions for NCIS include criminal investigations, security clearance background checks, force protection, cross-border drug e- nforcement, anti-terrorism, counter-terrorism, major procurement f- raud, computer crime and counterintelligence. 目前NCIS的任务包括反最调查、安全背景查核、保护军队、跨界麻药搜捕、反恐 怖、诈欺调查、电脑犯罪及反情报工作。 In 2003, a television show (NCIS) was started on CBS based on the NCIS. 2003年，CBS开始上映以NCIS作为背景的影集。 出现： Rogue Warriors（中译「海豹神兵」，星光出版），Richard Marcinko、John Weisman着。 Paid in Blood，Mel Odom着 --

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