课程名称：个体经济学 课程性质：必修 课程范围：ch1~ch3的部分只考到边际效用分析法 开课教师：郑鸿章 开课学院： 开课系级：国贸系 考试日期(年月日)：2015/11/19 考试时限(Mins)：120mins 附注：三四有点忘记了就大概打一下 试题本文： (一) The rent control agency of an Asian city has found that aggregate demand is QD=160-8P. Quantity is measured in tens of thousands of apartments. Price, the average monthly rental rate, is measured in hundreds of dollars. The agency also noted that the increase in Q at lower P results from more three-person families coming into the city from the rural countryside and demanding apartments. The city's board of realtors acknowledges that this is a good demand estimate and has shown that supply is Qs=70+7P. a.If both the agency and the board are right about demand and supply, what is the free market price? What is the change in city population if the agency sets a maximum average monthly rental of $300, and all those who cannot find an apartment leave the city? b.Suppose the agency bows to the wishes of the board and sets a rental of $900 per month on all apartments to allow landlords a "fair" rate of return.If 50 percent of any long-run increases in apartment offerings come from new construction, how many apartments are constructed? (二) The table below shows the retail price and sales for instant coffee and roasted coffee for 1997 and 1998 ___________________________________________________________________________ | | Retail price | Sale | Retail price | Sale | | year | of | of | of | of | | | instant coffee | instant coffee | roasted coffee | roasted coffee | | | ($/Lb) | (Million Lbs) | ($/Lb) |(Million Lbs) | |______|________________|________________|________________|________________| |1997 |10.35 |75 |4.11 |820 | | | | | | | |1998 |10.48 |70 |3.76 |850 | |______|________________|________________|________________|________________| a.Using this data alone. estimate the short-run price elasticity of demand for roasted coffee.Derive a linear demand curve for roasted coffee. b.Now estimate the short-run price elasticity of demand for instant coffee. Derive a liner demand curve for instant coffee. c.Which coffee has the higher short-run elasticity of demand? Why do you think this is the case? (三) 关於租税转嫁，每小题分别回答(i)(ii) (i)消费者与生产者，谁负担的租税较重 (ii)计算无谓的损失 a.自由市场下，大学教科书一本50元，可卖出100万本。政府对其徵收货物税後，售价增 加为55元，售出60万本，出版商实际收到30元。 b.自由市场下，机票一张500元，可卖出500万张。政府对其徵收货物税後，售价增加为 550元，售出150万张，出版商实际收到450元。 c.自由市场下，牙刷一支1.5元，可卖出200万支。政府对其徵收货物税後，售价增加为2 元，售出80万支，出版商实际收到1.25元。 (四) 请详细推导边际效用分析，再由消费均衡条件进而推导出Marshallian demand curve，并 解释其经济意义。 (五) 设某农产品市场的供需如下: Pt=20+2qs(t+1) supply function Pt=80-qd(t) demand function 则 a.第五期的价格为何?(设Po=100) b.此市场是否为稳定市场? ###每大题占20% --

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