课程名称：个体经济学 开课教师：郑鸿章 开课学院：商学院 开课系级：国贸系 考试日期(年月日)：101.11.22 考试时限(Mins)：110 min 试题本文： 一. The rent control agency of an Asian city has found that aggregate demand is QD= 160-8P. Quantity is measured in tens of thousands of apartments. Price, the average monthly rental rate, is measured in hundreds of dollars. The agency also noted that the increase in Q at lower P results from more three-person families coming into the city from Long Island and demanding apartments. The city’s board of realtors acknowledges that this is a good demand estimate and has shown that supply is QS =70+ 7P. a. If both the agency and the board are right about demand and supply, what is the free-market price? What is the change in city population if the agency sets a maximum average monthly rent of $300 and all those who cannot find an apartment leave the city? b. Suppose the agency bows to the wishes of the board and sets a rental of $900 per month on all apartments to allow landlords a “fair” rate of return. If 50% of any long-run increases in apartment offerings come from new construction, how many apartments are constructed? 二. 台湾是一个汽车引擎进口的国家，假设世界汽车引擎市场为完全竞争市场， 请依据下列图形回答相关问题: 台湾汽车引擎市场价格(pw+t)由於课税(t)而高於世界价格(pw) 则试问: 1.假若t视为进口关税(每台引擎所缴的税);则进口量为何? 2.若t是营业税(由消费者负担)则进口量为何? 3.何种税制消费者的剩余损失较小? 4.何种税制，生产者剩余增加较多? 三.设某农产品市场的供需如下: Pt=20+2qs(t+1) supply function Pt=80-qd(t) demand function 则 1.第五期的价格为何?(设Po=100) 2.此市场是否为稳定市场? 3.若时间(t)趋近於无限大，则市场价格为何? 四. a.请详细推导出Marshallian Demand Curve并解释其经济意义 b.请详细推导出需求之价格弹性与总销售收入之关系 c.请证明需求函数qd(t)=k/p^α,k>0;曲线上任何一点之需求价格弹性值均为α --

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