课程名称：经济学 课程性质：必修 课程范围：ECONOMICS PARKIN Ch1-Ch5 开课教师：朱美丽老师 开课学院：社科院 开课系级：经整开 考试日期(年月日)：2008/11/17 考试时限(Mins)：10:10-12:00 试题本文： 一、选择题(每题2%，共计20%)： 选择题请按照下列格式，将答案书写在答案卷。 1. ( ) 2. ( ) 3. ( ) 4. ( ) 5. ( ) 6. ( ) 7. ( ) 8. ( ) 9. ( ) 10. ( ) 1) All economic questions arise because A) people are greedy. B) production possibilities are unlimited. C) we want more than we can get. D) people are irrational. 2) What are the four categories into which factors of production are grouped? A) profit, wages, rent, and interest B) land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship C) capital, human capital, land, and labor D) entrepreneurship, profit, labor, and wages 3) Suppose the country of Popcorn produces only jets and corn. If Popcorn cannot produce any more jets without giving up corn, we say that Popcorn has achieved A) the highest marginal benefit. B) production efficiency. C) the lowest marginal cost. D) the highest opportunity cost. 4) Comparative advantage is A) the ability to perform an activity at a lower opportunity cost than anyone else. B) the ability to perform an activity at a higher opportunity cost than anyone else. C) the ability to perform an activity at a zero opportunity cost. D) identical to absolute advantage. 5) For many goods, the price elasticity of demand increases over time because A) people’s incomes tend to increase over time. B) inflation increases all prices and incomes over time. C) the ability to find substitutes for a good whose price has risen increases over time. D) None of the above answers is correct. 6) Allocative efficiency occurs when the quantity produced is such that the A) marginal social cost is greater than marginal social benefit. B) marginal social benefit is greater than marginal social cost. C) marginal social cost equals marginal social benefit. D) None of the above answers is correct. 7) In goods markets A) households sell to firms. In factor markets firms sell to households. B) firms sell to households. In factor markets households sell to firms. C) and in factor markets households sell to firms. D) and in factor markets firms sell to households. 8) As an economy’s capital stock increases, the economy A) generally decides to engage in international trade. B) experiences economics growth. C) generally experiences increased unemployment of other resources, such as labor. D) gains an absolute advantage in the production of capital goods. 9) The cross elastic of demand for pizza with respect to the price of a soda is A) negative because the goods are complements. B) positive because the goods are complements. C) positive because the goods are substitutes. D) negative because the goods are substitutes. 10) About six months ago, Pat lost the job as vice president of a local bank. Since losing the job, Pat still has the Saturday newspaper delivered every week.For Pat, the Saturday newspaper is A) price inelastic. B) income inelastic. C) a normal good because Pat still buys the paper even with a big loss of income. D) one of life’s few remaining luxuries. 二、计算题(30%)： 1. 假设你从南部上来台北念书或是工作，如果你选择就读政治大学，你便无法去超商全 职工作(月薪18000元)或是在其他公司工作(月薪20000元)。而就读政治大学每学期要支付 学费20000元、食物费用一个月5000元、租屋费用一个月7000元。此外，当你就读政大，政 府编列预算给学校，平均每位学生一学期50000元。请问你就读政大四年的货币成本、时间 成本、外在成本与机会成本各是多少？(8%) 2. Jordan与Brian的生产能力分别如下表所示：(22%) Jordan的生产可能组合 面包(每小时个数) 衣服(每小时件数) 40 and 0 0 and 4 Brian的生产可能组合 面包(每小时个数) 衣服(每小时件数) 80 and 0 0 and 4 (1) 原先两人分别皆花费30分钟来生产面包，30分钟来生产衣服，未专业化生产之前，两 人每小时所生产两种商品的产量各为何？(4%) (2) Jordan生产一个面包和一件衣服的机会成本分别为何？(4%) (3) Brian生产一个面包和一件衣服的机会成本分别为何？(4%) (4) Jordan与Brian各自的比较利益在那一种商品的生产？为什麽？(4%) (5) 若两人专业化生产各自具有比较利益的产品，并且以1件衣服交换15个面包来交易， 则贸易後两人所拥有的两种商品数量分别为何？(4%) (6) Jordan与Brian的贸易利得分别为何？(2%) 三、简答题(20%)： 1.根据下列几种情况，来分析需求弹性大小，并说明其原因。(12%) (1)百货公司周年庆，特价优惠 ：特价商品的需求弹性 (2)降价也没人买，花业今年很惨：花卉的需求弹性 (3)对学生而言，老师指定的原文书只有一家书商代理：原文教科书的需求弹性 2. 通过原点的直线型供给线，其供给弹性值为何？为什麽？请辅以图形说明解释之。(8%) 四、应用分析题(30%) 国际油价强弹 本周油价看涨 由於国际油价走高，本周六凌晨台湾中油调整油价时将面临涨价压力，调高幅度将视周二 至周四的国际油价而定，不过，据保守估计，每公升调高一．五元恐怕跑不掉。 民国97年9月26日 巴西甘蔗替代能源 值得借镜 国际油价不断飙涨，身处资源逐渐枯竭的时代，各国其实都在努力寻找替代能源。南美洲 的「巴西」，早在七○年代就已经研究「甘蔗」来生产酒精燃料，除了作为替代能源、也 可以减少污染，甚至还可以依国际糖价，随时调整酒精生产比例。 民视新闻网，民国96年11月5日 1.若油价调涨，且国际钢材价格上扬，在其他条件不变之下，请问国内汽车市场的供需如 何变动？市场的均衡价格以及均衡数量又将如何变动？请辅以图形分析之。(10%) 2.假设Toyota汽车之车价便宜20％时，民众对其需求量会增加40％。现在如果Toyota车厂 决定再调整价格以提昇营收，其中A部门主管认为应降价5％，而B部门主管则认为应提高 价格5％，请问你认为哪一位主管所说的比较合理？(8%) 3.根据第二则新闻报导，请以经济学的角度来说明酒精燃料与石油这两种能源的关系是互 补或替代。若全球已普及使用酒精燃料，并且广泛应用於运输业，在其他条件不变之下， 请问当酒精燃料价格下跌时，对航空业的载客量有何影响？(6%) 4. 若汽车市场的供需如下： 市场需求Qd＝100－2/3P 市场供给Qs＝-50＋P 请以供需图形，标明生产者剩余以及消费者剩余，并且计算其值分别为多少？(6%) --

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