作者oscar0218 (科科)
看板NCCU08_PHILO
标题[考古] 西洋哲学史(三)：理性论与经验论 期中考 罗丽君老师
时间Fri Nov 19 18:28:46 2010
请回答以下问题：
1. 请以下段文字的内容为指引，首先说明 Descartes 如何提出「cogito, ergo sum」
的命题，再进一步分析「自我」(I) 概念的意涵。(25分)
If conceived myself of something then I certainly existed. But there is
a deceiver of supreme power and cunning who is deliberately and constantly
deceiving me. In that case I too undoubtedly exist, if he is deceiving
me; and let him deceive me as much he can, he will never bring it about
that I am nothing so long as I think that I am something. So after
considering everything very thoroughly, I must finally conclude that
this proposition, I am, I exist, is necessarily true whenever it is put
forward by me or conceived in my mind.
2. 请说明中世纪哲学家 St. Anselm (1033-1109) 和近代哲学家 Descrates (1596-
1650) 二者有关上帝存在的「存有学论证」(Ontological Argument)，并尝试举出
至少一位後世哲学家针对「存有学论证」的批评观点。(25分)
3. 请用＂naturs naturans＂和＂natura naturata＂两组对比的概念去说明Spinoza
(1632-1677)之泛神论实体形上学体系的内容。(25分)
4. 请详细说明 Leibniz(1646-1716)之「单子论」形上学体系。(25分)
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