听说很多人都没有买课本 所以我就把题目PO上来给大家啦~ 4/7(三)要交喔^_^ 注：这个颜色"--"表示该字为上标，例如QD，就是指需求的数量，D为上标这样:) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Chapter14 Taxation and Income Distribution (P.330) 5.In an effort to reduce alcohol consumption, the government is considering a $1 tax on each gallon of liquor sold (the tax is levied on producers). Suppose that the demand curve is QD=500,000-20,000P (where QD is the number of gallons of liquor demanded and P is the price per gallon), and the supply curve for liquor is Qs=30,000P (where Qs is the number of gallons supplied). a. Compute how the tax affects the price paid by consumers and the price received by producers. b. How much revenue does the tax raise for the government? How much of the revenue comes from consumers, and how much from producers? c. Suppose that the demand for liquor is more elastic for younger drinkers than for older drinkers. Will the liquor tax be more, less, or equally effective at reducing liquor consumption among young drinkers? Explain. 6.Suppose that the demand curve for a particular commodity is OD=a-bP, where QD is the quantity demanded, P is the price, and a and b are constants. The supply curve for the commodity is Qs=c+dP, where Qs is quantity supplied and c and d are constants. Find the equilibrium price and output as functions of the constants a, b, c, and d. Suppose now that a unit tax of u dollars is imposed on the commodity. Show that the new equilibrium is the same regardless of whether the tax is imposed on producers or buyers of the commodity. 7.Suppose that the income tax in a certain nation is computed as a flat rate of 5 percent, but no tax is levied above $50,000 in taxable income. Taxable income, in turn, is computed as the individual's income minus $10,000; that is, everyone gets a $10,000 deduction. What are the marginal and average tax rates for each of the following three workers? (Evaluate the marginal tax rate at each person's current income level.) a. A part-time worker with annual income of $9,000. b. A retail salesperson with annual income of $45,000. c. An advertising executive with annual income of $600,000. Is the tax progressive, proportional, or regressive with respect to income? 8.Assume that in a given country, tax revenues, T, depend on income, I, according to the formula T=-4,000+0.2I Thus, for example, when a household has an income of $50,000, its tax burden is -4,000+0.2×50,000, or $6,000. Is this a progressive tax schedule? [Hint: Compute average tax rates at several different levels of income.] Now let's generalize the tax schedule in this problem to: T=a+tI where a and t are numbers. (For example, in the tax schedule above, a=-4,000 and t=0.2.) Write down a formula for the average tax rate as a function of the level of income. Show that the tax system is progressive if a is negative, and regressive if a is positive. [Hint: The average tax rate is T/I.] 以上(∩_∩) --

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