1. Distinguish between moral realism and emotivism. How do they respectively deal with the so-called "moral content" question and the question about moral knowledge? 2. Distinguish between cognitivist and noncognitivist moral theories. 3. What is G.E. Moore's intuitionism? 4. What does G.E. Moore mean by the "Naturalistic Fallacy"? 5. What difficulties must Moore deal with in order to defend his intuitionism? 6. How might emotivism lead to (normative) relativism? Does emotivism unavoidably lead to relativism? If not, why not? 7. How does an emotivist explain the possibility of two people engaging in "moral disagreement"? 8. How does Kant distinguish between hypothetical and categorical imperatives? Explain his claim that moral judgements must be in the form of categorical rather than hypothetical imperatives. 9. Distinguish between basic and non-basic desires. Perhaps some of those desires that are non-basic ought not to be satisfied, while some others ought to be. Can we make such a distinction among non-basic desires? If so, how? If not, why not? And can we make the same distinction among basic desires? 10. How is the so-called Principle of Universalizability in Kant's ethics? How, according to Kant, are we to apply such a principle? 11. How would R. M. Hare amend Kant's universalizability (or consistency) test? 12. What is Hare's "prescriptivism"? What's the main difference between Hare's prescriptivism and the more sophisticated (or the revised version of) emotivism as advocated by C. L. Stevenson? 以上，上礼拜发的完整的考题十二题，老师好像是说挑六题考 延後一个礼拜到五月十一日考试，加油 --

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