作者Seals (海豹印章特种部队)
站内Military
标题Re: [问题] 请问什麽是机枪点放
时间Fri Mar 30 00:02:23 2012
※以下统规M249为自动步枪 (AR: Automatic Rifle),若习惯称呼M249为轻机枪LMG的乡民
请多多包涵。
※道歉启事:
英文很烂,但越烂越该学习所以翻译了这一篇,有诸多不顺请多指点这样我才会成长。
APPENDIX E
附录 E
EMPLOYMENT
使用守则
Though the automatic rifle has changed, the role of the automatic rifleman has
not since its conception circa World War I. The automatic rifleman supports
the infantry squad in the offense and defense. The M249 AR provides accurate
fire approaching that of the rifle yet gives the heavy volume of fire common to
a machine gun. The automatic rifle is a squad leader’s weapon.
虽然自动步枪日新月异,但是自动步枪兵的概念自第一次世界大战以来却无甚不同。自动
步枪兵在攻击和防御两面支援班兵作战。M249自动步枪同时能提供接近於步枪的准确和机
枪的大量火力。自动步枪是班长的武器。
E-1. OFFENSE
E-1. 攻击
In the offense, the automatic rifle contributes primarily to the maneuver
element. That is, it gives the squad leader the fires of “ten soldiers” for
the close-quarter fight. Depending on the tactical situation, it may also be
used in the base-of-fire element.
在攻击方面,自动步枪首要能提供机动元素的的武器。也就是说,它在接触战时提供班长
"十名"死阿兵哥的火力。依据作战情况,它也能当作是阵地武器。
a. Maneuver Element.
The squad undertaking the assault brings its automatic
rifles with it to provide additional firepower. These weapons are fired
either from the biped or in an assault mode from the hip or underarm
position. They target any enemy automatic weapons anywhere on the squad’s
objective. Once the enemy automatic weapons have been destroyed, or if there
are none, the automatic riflemen distribute their fire over that portion of
the objective that corresponds to their team’s positions. In terms of
engagement ranges, the automatic rifles in the assault engage from within
the last 300 meters and most probably at point-blank ranges.
a. 机动模式。
暗黑攻击班使用他们的自动步枪来获得更猛的火力。这武器可以使用两脚架射击、贴着
屁股射(腰射)或着咖肢窝夹着射(肩射)夹着射(肩射)。在此模式中,枪手锁定在目标区
任何位置使用自动武器的敌人。一但敌方自动武器被毁或假使着它们根本不存在,枪手
则朝着接近己方人员的敌方未制使用较大范围较分散的火力进行压制。有关交战距离部
分,自动步枪枪手在不超过300米的范围内而最有可能的情况都是在超近距离交战。
b. Base-of-Fire Element.
Automatic rifles organic to the squad may augment the
fires of the machine gun in the base of fire. In this case, the platoon
sergeant positions and controls the fires of the automatic riflemen.
Automatic rifle targets include key enemy weapons not covered by machine gun
fire or groups of enemy targets either on the objective or attempting to
reinforce or counterattack. In terms of engagement ranges, automatic rifles
in the base-of-fire element may find themselves firing at targets anywhere
from 800 meters to within the last 300 meters where the assault takes place.
These ranges do not reflect a hard rule, simply a practical average. The
nature of the terrain and desire to achieve some stand-off leads the platoon
leader to the correct tactical positioning of the base-of-fire element. If
automatic rifles are employed as part of the base of fire, then that element
must be within 800 meters.
b. 阵地模式。
小队中的自动步枪基本上能够增加机枪阵地中的火力。在这个模式中,排副负责安插和
指挥枪手。枪手锁定没有机枪手掩护的重点武装目标或着是一群尝试组织或着反击的敌
人。有关交战距离的部分,枪手交战在交战区域内800米到最後300米的任何地点开火的
目标。交战的距离并不是硬性规定的只是个单纯的实际平均值。自然的地形和达到一些
均势的渴望会带领排长到正确的作战位置来开启阵地模式。假使在阵地模式中使用了自
动步枪,则距离则必须在800米内。
c. Task Organization of Automatic Rifles.
The organization of the squad into
two fire teams does not prevent the squad leader from organizing his
automatic rifles to conform to a specific situation. For example, when
assaulting, he may require more firepower than can be provided by one team.
He may designate the automatic rifles and one fire team leader to establish
a base of fire, while he continues the assault with the remainder of the
squad. However, such an organization takes time to accomplish and reduces
both the squad’s flexibility and its on-hand firepower in the assault.
c. 自动步枪的组织方案。
一个攻击小队(一班)组织为两个攻击小队,且不阻碍小队长分配自动步枪到其组织以适
应特定状况。举例来说,在攻击状况下,他可能需要比以个小队能提供的还要更多的火
力。当小队长持续着和剩余的队员执行进攻任务时,他可以指定自动步枪手和另外一个
攻击小队的队长去建立阵地。无论如何,这类的组织需要时间来完成而且降低了在攻击
行动中小队的灵活性和现有的攻击火力。
E-2. DEFENSE
The dismounted infantry defense centers around the platoon’s machine guns. The
platoon leader sites the rifle squad to protect the machine guns against the
dismounted assault of an enemy formation. The automatic rifle provides the
requisite range and volume of fire to cover across the squad front in the
defense. The squad leader sites each of his automatic rifles to cover the
entire squad sector or cover an overlapping sector with the other automatic
rifle. Automatic rifles can augment platoon and company machine gun fire out to
the maximum ranges. The engagement range of a squad leader’s weapon may extend
from the last 300 meters where the enemy began his assault to point-blank range.
Automatic rifle targets include enemy automatic weapons and command and control elements.
E-2. 防御
使用肉体的步兵防御围绕着排用机枪。排长安插步枪班去抵御敌方使用肉体的部队攻击以
保护机枪。自动步枪提供了必要的射程以及火力去掩护一班所防御的范围。班长安插各自
的枪手以掩护整个防守区范围或和其他的自动步枪形成交叉防御火网。自动步枪可以提升
排级和连级机枪火力扫射的最大范围。班用自动步枪的交战距离从由敌方开指进攻的300
米到超近距离。自动步枪的目标包括敌方自动武器和指挥者。
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我本身是班机兵退伍,当时在受训的时候花了蛮多心思把讲义研究了几遍,当然最後变成
自己的心得,以下分享给大家,在以後打仗路上捡到一把机枪,或许可以回忆起我们的讨
论。
活命最重要,人死不能复生,讲义里面所说的交战范围,在真实的靶场上,都很容易脱靶
的,尤其中华民国很穷,你的机枪大半是机械瞄准具,在200米以上要神准的命中或许可
以用火网压制的方式或着点射,但是敌人的教战守则也会跟你的一样,他们也会先挑机枪
下手,一拳难敌两手,一个诸葛亮都敌不过三个臭皮匠了,千万不要再命中率不高的
距离全自动开火,书本里的守则要灵活着用,什麽火力压制阿那些很多都是理论,前提你
的子弹要够多。总之,什麽都讲理论结局就是你会被盖国旗,中个一枪大概就能去见耶稣
了以後荣华富贵都是活下来的人在享受,完全没必要如此。
以下是建议。
a. 先忍住,确认敌方数量,别紧张,敌人跟你一样紧张。
b. 敌人数量非常多的时候,掉头快跑,往掩蔽物方向钻。
c. 敌人数量普通多你非开枪不可时,请轻扣板机控制为单发,让敌方听不清楚枪声,
伪装成步枪兵,减低敌方戒心,并且开始找你有利的位置,等到敌人进入200米必
杀范围,就发挥机枪兵本质开始点射他们,建议不要扫射,除非非常近,要不一个
男子你背一颗100发子弹的弹箱就很重了,没有什麽没子弹了可以回家补的事情。
说了那麽多总归几句话,老天给你那麽多子弹要感谢,一切的理论说起来很过瘾可是真的
打起来活下去才是硬道理。
--
※ 发信站: 批踢踢实业坊(ptt.cc)
◆ From: 111.249.8.127
2F:推 LCAC:Push~! 03/30 01:19
3F:推 schooldance:应该改成,国军给你那麽多子弹要感谢XD 03/30 01:25
一般来说m249是班用机枪,提供10个人一般的火力援助,所以以任务来说,班机是要
随着班兵到处趴趴走的。所以不能够像排机或着50口径重机枪一样,其实我觉得重机
枪手很可怜,因为跑不了,就一定要构筑阵地,敌人来就拼老命射,硬要把人逼退,
好处是子弹大颗,但人是肉做的,机枪阵地摆明就是晾在阳光下的活靶。我翻译完这
篇文章後我很欣赏美军称呼m249是自动步枪,因为老实说班机就是一把大把的步枪,
但又可以身兼机枪的职责负责掩护班兵通过一些危险地带,之前看到同类别一些文章
似乎是把班机当成纯机枪在讨论,以上是翻後感。
※ 编辑: Seals 来自: 111.249.8.127 (03/30 01:43)
4F:→ reinherd:国军这方面想法很怪 竟然 每一把minimi配发一个三角架 03/30 08:11
5F:→ reinherd:我以前一直认为班机枪要做为班火力骨干尽可能提早对敌射 03/30 08:13
6F:→ reinherd:击 以压制敌部队行动 而步枪只是保护班机枪 03/30 08:13
7F:推 zseal:你确定国防部有准备够多的国旗给你盖吗.... 03/30 09:03
8F:推 Elendil0826:感谢您的辛苦工作<(_ _)> 03/30 09:06
9F:推 pcepan:当兵时...刚拨补新枪...就是米泥米~~还记得当初搞啥精进伍 03/30 09:11
10F:→ pcepan:长制...一堆一兵直升上兵...然後送M249训~~~接着战备就照 03/30 09:12
11F:→ pcepan:训练来走--一个伍长要带六个弹箱一只预备管和那个收起来像 03/30 09:13
12F:→ pcepan:R2D2的多功脚架...子弹和枪管在伍长变身成圣诞树後勉强可移 03/30 09:14
13F:→ pcepan:动...但那个脚架~~~於是只能丢在集合场.... 03/30 09:14
14F:推 fiat:推像R2D2的多功脚架 XD 03/30 10:04
15F:推 zaku7777:国军老是搞一些本末倒置的事,蛮奇怪的.. 03/30 12:04
16F:→ MOONRAKER:伍长变身圣诞树…美国人来看都会觉得威吧… 03/30 12:40