作者ostracize (bucolic)
看板Linguistics
标题[转录] calque
时间Wed Jun 17 20:45:03 2026
The Japanese word for “calque” — a loan translation where a phrase is
translated part-by-part — is:
### 1. **借訳** (しゃくやく, *shakuyaku*)
This is the standard linguistic term. 借 = borrow, 訳 = translation.
Example: English “skyscraper” → Japanese 摩天楼 *matenrō* is a 借訳 of
Chinese 摩天楼, which was itself a calque.
### 2. **翻訳借用** (ほんやくしゃくよう, *hon’yaku shakuyō*)
More literal: “translation borrowing”. Used in academic writing.
### 3. **カルク** (karuku)
Direct katakana loan from French/English “calque”. Used when talking about
the linguistic concept in textbooks.
**Which one to use?**
If you're writing a paper or talking to linguists → 借訳.
If you're just explaining the idea casually → カルク works fine.
Related: A loanword that keeps the sound instead of translating meaning is 借
用语 *shakuyōgo* or 外来语 *gairaigo*.
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传道书1:5 日出，日落，紧紧走倒转伊所出来的所在。
根据台日大辞典，【日-出(变调+本调)】【日落(本调+本调)】【月出(本调+本调)】。
https://sutian.moe.edu.tw/zh-hant/su/24199/
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※ 编辑: ostracize (220.136.199.251 台湾), 06/17/2026 20:46:26