引自华盛顿邮报报导： http://www.washingtonpost.com/ 　　　wp-dyn/content/article/2008/07/22/AR2008072200161_pf.html India's Government Wins Parliament Confidence Vote 印度政府赢得国会信任案投票 By Rama Lakshmi and Emily Wax Washington Post Foreign Service Wednesday, July 23, 2008; A12 NEW DELHI, July 22 -- The Indian government survived a crucial vote of confidence Tuesday, clearing the way for the contentious nuclear energy deal with the United States, after a debate peppered with dramatic allegations of backroom lobbying and bribery. 在充满戏剧性、彼此指控对方进行私下游说与贿赂的争议声中，印度政府本周 二在形势严峻的国会信任投票中获胜。未来，印度与美国进行核能协议的隐忧 已经清除。 The vote concluded a bitter, nine-month battle in support of the deal by the now-beleaguered coalition government of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. The agreement, which would give India access to the world market for nuclear fuel and technology, must be approved by the International Atomic Energy Agency and the Nuclear Suppliers Group, which governs the trade of nuclear materials. The U.S. Congress would then vote on the accord. 信任投票结束长达九个月的斗争与仇恨，原先因印美核能协议被群起围攻的联合 政府总理辛格获得支持。印美核能协议让印度可以透过全球市场购买核能原料与 技术，但此协议尚待管理核能原料交易的国际原子能总署与核子供应国集团同意。 美国国会也将针对此协议进行表决。 "This vote gives a clear message to the world that India's head and heart are sound and India is prepared to take its rightful place in the comity of nations," said a beaming Singh, whose supporters set off firecrackers and beat celebratory drums in the streets of New Delhi. "I have always said the deal was important, and now we know it." 笑容满面的辛格表示：「这次投票向世界宣告，印度的国家健全，并准备在国际 礼让下取得正当地位。」他并声称：「我一直主张核能协议是重要的，现在印度 人民了解了。」辛格的支持者获知胜利後，欢天喜地在首都新德里街头燃放鞭炮 与敲锣打鼓。 But the victory was not without cost for Singh. On a day of intense political drama in Parliament, he faced a chorus of calls for his resignation after opposition members carried two duffel bags full of cash into the assembly building, alleging that the prime minister's allies had used the money to try to buy votes. 但是辛格的胜利必须付出代价。日前他就在国会面临戏剧性抗议事件，反对党成 员把两大袋现金带进议场，声称这是辛格的同谋者用以贿选的证据，并异口同声 要求下台。 When Singh rose to address the members, he was shouted down by opponents chanting, "Be ashamed, be ashamed," and, "Thief." The prime minister, in his trademark blue turban, sat nonplussed, shuffling through files. His government secured 275 votes in the 541-member lower chamber of Parliament; his opponents secured 256 votes; 10 members abstained. 当辛格起身向国会成员发表演说时，他甚至被反对党的「见笑、见笑」、「贼仔 」等口号淹没而停嘴。围着蓝色头巾个人象徵的辛格，随之尴尬的坐着整理文件 。辛格政府在541张下议院选票中获得275票，反对票256票，10票弃权。 In the intensely fought battle, Singh's allies won by wooing support from smaller, regional parties and independent lawmakers and by encouraging either abstentions or defections. Political parties went so far as to arrange for legislators who had been jailed to be temporarily released so they could cast votes. A couple of others were pushed into Parliament in wheelchairs despite their medical ailments and hospital treatments. 在激烈的斗争中，辛格的执政联盟除获得小型与地方政党、无党议员的支持外， 并鼓动其他政党议员弃权或跑票。甚且短暂释放因犯罪被关押的议员，以及不顾 两位议员健康，将重病住院的他们推上轮椅入场投票。 For Singh, a member of the Congress party who has never won a direct election, the vote was one of the biggest victories of his political career. His ruling coalition was forced to call the vote of confidence after a group of communist allies withdrew their support. The parties argued that the U.S. nuclear deal tied India's foreign policy too closely to American interests. The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), the main opposition party, demanded that the deal be renegotiated so New Delhi would not be "a junior partner" and would maintain the right to conduct nuclear tests. 辛格虽为国会议员之一，却从未在直选中获胜，本次信任投票是他政治生涯最大 一场胜利。执政联盟被迫寻求信任投票的起因在於数个印度共产党同时撤销支持 执政联盟。共产党指称，印度与美国的核能协议将把印度的外交政策与美国利益 绑得太近。印度人民党要求对美重启谈判，让新德里不致成为美国的跟班，维持 印度进行核子试爆的权利。 Under the historic deal, India would open 14 of its civilian atomic reactors to international inspections. In return, it would be able to develop its civilian nuclear program without having to sign the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. 在这个历史性协议的架构下，印度将开放14个民用核能反应炉供国际检查，以换 取印度在不用签署「核子非扩散条约」的前提下发展民用核子计划。 "The irony is that for India, this is the best deal since sliced bread. It's hard to imagine a deal that could have been sweeter," Sharon Squassoni, a senior associate in the nonproliferation program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in Washington, said in a telephone interview. "India has been given all the benefits without any of the responsibilities of moving toward nuclear disarmament." 卡内基国际和平基金会核子非扩散计画室资深副研究员夏隆‧史夸松尼接受本报 电话访问时表示：「讽刺的是，对印度而言，这是最佳协议，很难想到更好的方 案了。」他进一步说明：「印度获得所有的利益而不用担负裁减核武的责任。」 But in a country with a long history of suspicion toward Washington, there are remnants of knee-jerk anti-Americanism. Singh was labeled a U.S. stooge, and critics feared the deal would force India to sever its historical ties with Iran. 但在一个长期对美国抱持怀疑的国家内部，仍残留直觉的反美主义。辛格已被贴 上美国走狗的标签，批评者更担心这个协议将切断印度与伊朗的历史脐带。 The prime minister's allies, however, argued that the deal was crucial to India's quest for superpower status. 执政联盟则主张，核能协议对印度迈向国际超强地位具有重大帮助。 "We have to start thinking like a big and powerful country. Let us not worry about how the world is going to impact us, but think of how India can impact the world," Rahul Gandhi, the ruling Congress party's heir apparent, said during Tuesday's debate. "We must never take our decision based on the fear of the unknown." 「我们须开始设定自己是有力量的大国，不要担心这个世界如何影响印度，而是 设想印度如何影响世界。」执政党法定继承人拉胡‧甘地继续表示：「我们不能 再因为恐惧不明的未来而去做决定。」 At one point during the debate Tuesday, three members of the BJP rushed to the well of the chamber and waved the wads of cash, shouting that Singh's allies had tried to buy their support for the deal. 周二的辩论中，3个印度人民党议员突然冲上议事厅，晃动一叠钞票大吼辛格的 同夥为了通过核能协议打算买票。 "This is a shameful day for Indian democracy -- all for the sake of this nuclear deal," said Brinda Karat, a member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). "How low can this government fall in their desperation to please America?" 印度共产党议员卡拉表示：「这是印度民主蒙羞的一天，全都为了这个核能协议 。」他说道：「政府拼命拍美国马屁，姿态到底要摆多低？」 With the government's survival, the negotiations on the historic agreement will next be taken up Aug. 1 at the International Atomic Energy Agency. 由於执政联盟已通过信任案，核能协议下一回合进展将是印度与国际原子能总署 8月1号登场的谈判。 "We have wasted a lot of time and political energy in building consensus for the nuclear deal in India. Now there is very little time left to complete the international procedures," said retired Gen. Ved Prakash Malik, president of the Institute of Security Studies. "Even the Parliament debate became a political show. Members raised issues of price rise, loan waiver for farmers and murky deals. The real issue, that is the nuclear agreement, got diluted somewhere." 「我们已浪费太多时间与政治能量在建立核能协议的共识上，现在只剩一点时间 完成国际进程。」现为印度安全研究协会主席的退休将军马里克认为：「国会的 争论成了一出政治秀，议员提出物价上涨、农民贷款减免以及黑暗交易等议题， 真正的核能议题反被稀释了。」 Many political observers said the vote strengthened Singh's political stature. At the same time, though, the corruption charges against his allies sullied his clean image. 许多政治观察家表示，信任投票结果强化辛格的政治高度。同时，他的夥伴被指 为贿赂，则玷污他的清白形象。 "He may have won the vote in Parliament, but Manmohan Singh has suffered a moral defeat," said Shahnawaz Hussain, a lawmaker with the opposition BJP. "This government has bent every rule, engaged in highly immoral acts to push the nuclear deal, and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's hands are dirty." 人民党议员胡珊坦言：「辛格也许赢了国会信任投票，但却遭遇道德上的挫败。 这个政府为了核能协议破坏所有规则，采取极为不道德的行动，辛格总理的手是 脏的。」 --

※ 发信站: 批踢踢实业坊(ptt.cc) ◆ From: 59.112.167.95