第一部份　选择题（40％） ( ) 1.When authorities in Athens charged Socrates, he a. named others who had incited the young. b. denied the charges. c. pleaded to be permitted to leave Athens. d. fled Athens before the authorities could apprehend him. ( ) 2.Which of the following statement about Thucydides is incorrect? He believed a. the study of war would reveal general principles of human behavior. b. the motives of statesmen were insignificant in studying the historical event. c. that the historian must enlighten but not entertain. d. history was the work of human beings. ( ) 3.Seleucids founded cities that were characterized by a. their political dissimilarity from Greek cities. b. the constant interference of Hellenistic kings in local politics. c. their confinement to the Greek mainland. d. popular assemblies and councils. ( ) 4.The word Koine refers to a. Greek internal trade. b. a two-masted Greek vessel. c. the uninhabited world. d. a form of Greek that was spoken throughout the Mediterranean world. ( ) 5.Epicurus contended that anxiety was principally caused by a. the desire to amass wealth. b. strictures imposed by the government. c. fear of the gods and suffering after death. d. war and conflict. ( ) 6.The term logos refers to a. a coin that had Pericles' profile on it. b. a two-masted Greek vessel. c. a school for rhetoricians d. Divine Reason. ( ) 7.The term Pax Romana applies best to a. a period of the early Latin tribes. b. a long period of peace, beginning under Augustus. c. the stipulation that the father controlled the Roman household. d. the comparatively uncomplicated politics of the Roman Republic. ( ) 8.The emperors Diocletian and Constantine faced the problem of a. Alaric's invasion of the Italian Peninsula. b. threats to the border from the Germans and from Persia. c. Attila's entry into Gaul. d. resistance in the fortress of Masada. ( ) 9.Who was the last of the great Stoics? a. Octavian b. Aelius Aristides c. Seneca d. Marcus Aurelius ( )10.The Roman Empire was said to have ended when a. Diocletian died. b. Odoacer was assassinated. c. Romulus was placed on the throne. d. German officers placed a German on the throne. ( )11.Who was a very early Christian missionary? a. Saint Ambrose b. Saint Paul c. Saint Jerome d. Saint John Chrysostom ( )12.As a consequence of the Edict of Milan a. the Romans attacked the Manichaeans. b. Roman religious conformity was strictly enforced. c. Christianity was recognized in the Roman Empire. d. Roman officials were to seek out and destroy mystery religions. ( )13.Arius taught that a. Christ was the reincarnation of Abraham. b. members of the Trinity were equal. c. the Faher alone was divine. d. Jesus was sent by the Demiurge to deceive mankind. ( )14.Which of the following translated the Bible into Latin? a. Origen b. Jerome c. Ambrose d. Philo ( )15.Saint Augustine may best be associated with a. the defense of Rome against the barbarians. b. leading a pilgrimage in hopes prayer would stop the barbarian advance. c. refusing the paple title. d. creating the basis for a Christian philosophy. ( )16.Which of the following conclusions about the Carolingian Renaissance is most valid? a. Its Christian bias led to an abhorrence of Roman pagan writers. b. Its scholars were essentially devoted to clarifying Christian dogmatic discourse. c. It helped to reverse the cultural decay of the period. d. Scholars were tremendously interested in new research and new philosophical speculation. ( )17.The empire of Charlemagne disintergrated for each of the following reasons except that it a. was too large and diverse. b. had depended on the charismatic power of Charlemagne. c. was deliberately divided among his sons. d. lacked economic cohesiveness. ( )18.Which treaty marked the beginning of Germany ? The Treaty of a. Tours b. Verdun c. Strassburg d. Wuerzburg ( )19.In the development of the church in Ireland one may find each of the following except a. conversion dating from the early fifth century. b. use of the vernacular rather than Latin. c. a concern for missionary activities. d. considerable scholarship as well as copying of manuscripts. ( )20.Alcuin may best be associated with a. establishing a double monastery in England. b. leading a church synod in the sixth century. c. offering scholarly disputations against major heresies of the period. d. developing schools and libraries in France. 第二部份　申论题（60％） 一、试比较「民主」与「共和」。 二、问吉朋对罗马帝国灭亡原因的看法。 三、译本校正。 -- 第二部份只记得大意 顺序和原用字忘了 --

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