http://www.greenparty.org.tw/index.php?itemid=918#more 这个连结有演讲的影片纪录 附件一：第二届全球绿人大会台湾致词 演讲稿 Future of the Global Greens: Taiwan’s Perspective, Taiwan’s Role 全球绿人的未来：台湾的观点与台湾的角色 Thank you Global Greens for inviting us to Brazil to take part in this very important conference. Many of you may not know that Brazil does not recognize Taiwan passports, and that our delegation was only able to obtain visas to join this conference on account of the intercession of the Brazilian Green Party. We therefore give our special thanks to the Brazilian Greens and all members of the organizing committee. 感谢全球绿人邀请我们来到巴西参加这场非常 重要的会议，许多人可能不知道巴西并不承认台湾的护照，而我们的访问团靠着巴西绿党 的帮助，才能获得签证并参加此次会议，因此我们要特别感谢巴西绿党以及筹办会议的所 有成员。 On account of the efforts of the United States and China, Taiwan’s ability to join international conferences to discuss, debate and work towards solving global issues such as climate change, cross border pollution, conflict resolution, health issues and so on is extremely compromised. 在美国和中国的干 预之下，台湾要参与解决全球性议题的国际会议，讨论与辩论如气候变迁，跨国污染，战 争解决，公共卫生等问题，空间都是非常有限的。 This forum thus has special significance for us and for all the people and billions of other beings that inhabit the island that is known as Taiwan and whom we will do our best to represent. 因此本次会议对我们而言有着特别重要的意 义，我们将竭尽所能，为所有人民和几十亿居住在台湾的物种发声。 Although Taiwan is known by many names, the name we like best is “Ihla Formosa”, the words that are said to have been expressed by the Portuguese explorers in the early 17th century when they first came upon the island, an island that had been inhabited by the ancestors of some 70% of today’s Taiwan residents. The ancestors of Taiwan’s Indigenous people had been able to maintain the island through millennia of sustainable economic, political and social practices. These slides will give you at least a hint of some of the beauty that remains and about which so many of us are so very passionate. 虽然台湾有着许多名称，但我们最喜欢的还是“ ihla福尔摩沙”，据说是在17世纪初葡 萄牙探险家，首次看见这座岛屿时所说的话。当时的原住民是现今岛内百分之七十以上台 湾人的祖先。台湾的原住民几千年来透过经济、政治和社会上永续的生活方式使得这座岛 屿得以保持原貌。这里展示的照片将会让你感受到台湾至今仍保存的美丽，与人民为何会 对这块土地充满热情。 As Japanese colony for fifty years, Taiwan is said to have “reverted” to rule by the Republic of China in 1945. The status of Taiwan remains unresolved under international law, not to mention the rights of Taiwan’s half million Indigenous peoples. Lacking a “de jure” resolution, and the unlikelihood of a resolution soon, we must nevertheless look at the de facto status of Taiwan. More pertinent to this conference of the Global Greens, we will look at some of the environmental, social and economic facts about Taiwan in order to put our view of the future of the Global Greens into perspective. 台湾受日本殖民长达五十年，於1945年脱离日本殖民，被中华民国称为“ 光复”。根据国际法，台湾国际地位仍不确定，更别提岛屿上50万原住民的人权。由於缺 乏“法律上”的依据，在短期内我们无法解决台湾的地位问题，所以我们必须面对台湾的 现实状况。在这次全球绿人会议中，让我们先了解台湾的环境、经济与社会脉络，以便稍 後对於全球绿人的未来，提出我们的观点及我们希望扮演的角色 Our country of about 23.3 million people with an area slightly smaller than Holland but nearly two thirds of which are mountainous, enjoys a diversity of plants, people and other animals, soils and terrains that give the country a vibrancy found in few other places on the Earth. Based on our land area and the surrounding oceans, we have the second highest level of biological diversity in the world, and were known to 19th century naturalists as the “ Galapagos of Asia”. 我们的国家约有二千三百万人，面积略小於荷兰，却有近三分之 二是山地，拥有多样的人民和丰富的动植物、土壤和地形，这样旺盛的生命力在地球上更 显弥足珍贵。根据我们的土地面积及周边海洋环境，我们有世界第二高的生物多样性，因 此被19世纪的博物学家称为亚洲的加拉巴哥群岛。 All this has radically changed with the introduction of “modern” modes of life such as the Dutch pelt traders during the 17th and 18th centuries that resulted in the near extinction of the Sika Deer, the subsequent large-scale import of Chinese farmers to open and work rice and sugar plantations, the exploitation of camphor trees by the Qing and Japanese governments, and of course the horribly exploitative and short-sighted logging of two and three thousand year old trees, first by the Japanese, and then even more insidiously by the Chinese through the later decades of the twentieth century. 所有这一切却因为现代生活模式的引进而改变，例如17,18世纪荷兰的毛皮商人 导致梅花鹿的灭绝，随後大量的中国农民进入台湾，开垦土地种植稻米和甘蔗，清朝与日 本政府大量砍伐樟树榨取樟脑，以及在二十世纪从日本殖民开始，到国民政府几十年来短 视近利地对二～三千年古树滥垦滥伐。 In recent years Taiwan’s economic development has run on parallel tracks. On the one side has been the local large-scale infrastructure development that began in the 1970s. This brought major highway, port, mining and mega-manufacturing facilities such as petrochemical, paper, cement and steel plants throughout the country. 最近几年台湾的经济发展有两条平行的轨道。一方面 是70年代的大型基础建设发展，在全国各地带来了许多公路，港口，采矿和大型制造业， 如石化，造纸，水泥和钢铁厂等设施。 On the other side, our economy has been highly dependent upon the United States, first due to Taiwan’s strategic importance during the Korean conflict, then with a major USAID program, and more recently with a series of bilateral trade agreements beginning in 1987 and a push by the US to get Taiwan into the World Trade Organization. Taiwan’s relationship with the US is important. We are one of the major customers for US military sales and even excluding such sales, Taiwan typically ranks 6th or 7th among the US’s trading partners. 另一方面，由於台湾在韩战中重要的战略地位，还有美国国际开发署 计划的经济支援，我们的经济一直高度依赖美国。从1987年开始美国和台湾更推出了一系 列自由市场的双边贸易协定，并且逼迫台湾加入世界贸易组织。台湾和美国的关连很密切 ，我们是美国军方销售的主要对象之一，即使不包含武器销售，我们仍是与美贸易排名第 六或第七名的国家。 Following what is known as “derecognition” of Taiwan by the US in 1988, the US enacted a domestic law, “The Taiwan Relations Act” which gives Taiwan a bizarre status outside the US diplomatic framework, but very much within the sphere of control by the US State Department and other agencies. 但是在台美” 断交”後，美国在1988年，颁布了一项国内法——名为“台湾关系法”，在不对等的外交 关系之下加强控制台湾。使台湾被排除於美国的外交范围之外，在这项关系法的约束下， 台湾被迫付出某些义务但却无法享有对等的邦交权利。 At the same time, Taiwan has a “special relationship” with China. China currently claims to own Taiwan. They have over a thousand missiles aimed at Taiwan, have passed a domestic law giving them the right to use force if Taiwan declares independence (such a declaration being totally unnecessary as Taiwan has long possessed the attributes of an independent country and with the elections of all new deputies to our legislature in 1992 and direct presidential elections in 1996, all the attributes of a fully democratic country), and relentlessly pursues a policy of “unification” – sometimes mistranslated as “unity” – through a number of direct and subtle activities. 同时，台湾与中国有一种“特殊关系”。目前中国声称台湾是中国的一部分 。有超过一千颗飞弹正瞄准着台湾，且已通过了一项国内法，若台湾宣布独立，他们有使 用武力的权力。并透过一些直接或间接的行动。持续地实行其“统一政策。 These attempts at control by the US and intimidation by China have been going on for over sixty years. We Taiwanese have gotten somewhat accustomed to the situation and we are making slow but sure progress in finding our own way, a way that reflects the essence of Taiwan, independent of the US and China. 台湾 身处於美国的控制和中国的恐吓之下超过六十年，某种程度台湾人已经习惯这种状况，而 在这种情况下我们仍以缓慢但稳定进步的方式找寻自己的路，这条路正反映了台湾的独立 性，一种不同於美国与中国的本质。 Despite this progress however, and this brings us back to the main subject, we Taiwanese would like to gain a little more room to work within the international community. 尽管有一些进展，然而我们回到今天的题目来看，台湾希望 在国际社会中争取更多的空间。 The “economic miracle” that Taiwan is known for in many circles has left a horrible legacy of environmental devastation, displacement of people, and health and social problems that are far out of proportion for a country the size of Taiwan and far out of proportion to possible benefits enjoyed by the people from the economic development of the past. 很多人知道台湾的「经济奇蹟」 ，但它留下了可怕而不成比例的後遗症，如环境的破坏、人民迁移出自己的土地、还有健 康和社会问题等，这些代价远超过台湾这样大小的国家可以承受的，也远远超过过去的经 济发展所带给人民的好处。 Emissions: A number of our “achievements” may give you an idea of the seriousness of the problem. Our per capita greenhouse gas emissions are third in the world; and with less than .3% of the world’s population we rank 22d for our total emissions. Indeed, among OECD countries from 1990 to the present, Taiwan’s growth in CO2 emissions placed us at number one in the world. 我们的一些“成绩”可能会让大家了解问题的严重性。Co2排放：我们的人均温室 气体排放量是世界第三位, 我们的人口少於世界人口0.3 ％，但二氧化碳总排放量却是世 界第二十二名。事实上，从1990年到今天，在OECD国家当中，台湾CO2排放的成长量，甚 至是世界第一名。 Population: Over two thirds of the island are high mountains which means that of the 36,000 square kilometers, only about 12,000 sq km are inhabitable – this is for a population of over 23 million. 5,000 people per sq km is much higher than any other country in the world, including Bangladesh which is currently known as the country with the highest population density. 人口:台湾 的高山面积超过三分之二，这意味着三万六千平方公里中只有一万两千平方公里的面积适 合居住，在此居住了两千三百万的人口。每平方公里五千人的人口密度，远远高於其他的 国家，甚至高於目前人口密度最高的国家孟加拉。 Vehicles and highways: The roads and other vehicle habitats on the island are continually growing in order to accommodate the growing number of vehicles – over 20 million at the end of 2007. 汽机车与高速公路：岛屿上的道路用地正在不 断地成长，为了要容纳日益成长的车辆数目，在2007年底汽机车已经超过两千万辆。 Nuclear: Our government has allowed six nuclear reactors to be built within a radius of 30 kilometers and all of these are within 70 kilometers from the residences of eight million humans. 核能：我们的政府在半径30公里的范围之内已经 兴建了6个核能机组，而这些核能机组与八百万人口的居住地点，相距不到70公里。 Consumption: Per capita consumption of cement in Taiwan is consistently first or second in the world as are our per capita consumption of electronics, disposable plastic products, and our per capita generation of industrial waste. 消费：台湾的每人平均的水泥消费量，始终是世界的第一或第二名；跟我们在电 子产品、可抛式塑胶制品的每人平均消费量，以及每人平均的工业废弃物制造量的排名差 不多。 Industrial: The world’s largest coal fired power plant, at over 5.5 million megawatts, is located in central Taiwan and the government continues to accept applications for new plants in the area. 工业：世界上最大的燃煤电厂，就 位在台湾中部，发电量约为578.8万千瓦；而政府仍持续地核准这个区域的新电厂开发案 。 Government subsidies against the future: In the meantime, the government keeps energy, water and industrial land use prices at levels that are among the world’s lowest in industrialized countries. 牺牲未来的政府补贴：为了促进 产业发展，直到现在政府一直让能源价格、水价、工业地价，维持在世界各工业国家中的 最低水准。 Health: Cancer rates of all types are soaring and despite calls from many experts linking this with environmental factors, the government insists of proving the link before it will take the statistics seriously. 健康：所有类型 的癌症发病率正在飙升；尽管许多专家呼吁将这种情形与环境因素联系起来；政府却坚持 如果不能证明两者之间的关连性，就不愿意重视这个问题。 Politics: Democracy in Taiwan, having made major strides in the 1990s has deteriorated to the point that elected representatives openly admit representing the interests of major conglomerates for whom they shamelessly peddle influence, and when they don’t get their way, threaten government agencies with budget cuts. 政治：在1990年代迈出重大步伐的台湾民主，已经恶化到 了一种地步，那就是被选出的代表们公开承认，他们代表着财团的利益，并且无耻地替这 些财团发挥他们身为代表的影响力，当他们不能称心如意的时候，就会威胁要削减政府机 构的预算。 These are but a few examples of the strains on Taiwan’s environment, society and politics, challenges which led the World Economic Forum in 2005 to place Taiwan at 145 out of 146 countries on its Environmental Sustainability Index, and which led Taiwan’s former minister of the environment to note that living at today’s standards, Taiwan would require an area of 28.8 times our present size to be self sufficient. 以上这些只是台湾所面临的环境、社会、政治的 几个例子，因此在2005年世界经济论坛的环境永续指标之中，台湾列名在146个国家中的 第145名；甚至使得台湾的前环境保护署长指出：以目前的生活标准而言，台湾所需要的 资源必须超过相当於本身28.8倍的面积，才能自给自足。 This would be bad enough if it only involved Taiwan. 这些很糟，但这不只是跟台 湾有关而已 As Taiwan has begun to come to its senses on the social and environmental costs of short-term and short-sighted economic development, and attempted to impose some mechanisms (laws, pricing adjustments, etc.) to bring balance into play, industry has fled abroad to “greener” (i.e., lax environmental and labor standards) fields. Countries like China have been the place of choice. 当台湾开始要认真面对这种由於短视近利的经济发展所付出的社会与环境成本时 ，并且试图要采用一些机制（例如：法律、价格调整之类）来寻求平衡； 产业已经逃向宽松的环境与劳动标准的地方。像中国这类的国家已经成为设厂的优先选择 。 Taiwan is currently the largest foreign investor in China. We speak a very similar language, many Taiwanese have close relatives in China and we share a great deal of cultural heritage with the Chinese. It is an easy place for us to do business. 目前台湾是中国的最大外国投资者。我们所说的语言非常相近，许多台 湾人的亲戚都在中国，而我们共同拥有许多的文化遗产。对我们而言是比较容易做生意的 地方。 So, take a look at what has happened to Taiwan’s environment over the last three or four decades, and multiply it by 250 times or so to get an idea of what we might see from China. And here we are speaking from the perspective of politics, social issues and from the perspective of impact on our natural environment. 所以，观察这三、四十年之间，台湾政治、社会以及对於自然环境的负面 影响，再把它放大将近250倍，我们就可以看到中国现在与未来的状况。 On the other hand, there may be an opportunity here for the very same reasons there is a threat. If Taiwan, with the help of the international community (and we hope this will be the international green community, i.e., the Global Greens) can continue with its own reform of its economic and social values, why shouldn’t these values-as-reformed not be exported to China? The Charter of the Global Greens calls upon nations whose companies invest in foreign countries to use the highest standard of the two countries (i.e., home country and country of investment) in all economic, environmental and labor practices. This is a goal we think worthy of pursuing for China, Vietnam, and other target countries for Taiwan foreign investment. This reflects a deeply rooted ethic of “not doing unto others as you would not have them do unto you.” 另一方面，危机就是转机。假如台湾，在国际社群的协助下（而我们希望这个社 群正是国际的绿色社群，也就是全球绿人）可以持续改善我们本身的各种经济与社会价值 ，这些改革之後的价值观不也应该被传向中国吗？全球绿人宪章呼吁，各个国家的境外投 资公司，在所有的经济、环境与劳动措施中，要采用母国与投资国两者之间的最高标准； 我们认为对於中国、越南以及其他的海外投资国家来说，这是一个必须追求的目标。这代 表了一种哲学「己所不欲，勿施於人」。 We are inspired by this conference; particular by the opportunity it affords us to link up with the advance guard of green thinkers in the international community. We believe that we can take the ideas and insights gained in this sort of forum back to Taiwan, and if not immediately put them into practice, we will use them to generate discussion and eventually reform. Not only for our own country of Taiwan, but also for other countries in the region. 这次的 会议不但激励我们，而且提供给我们一个和国际社群中进步的绿色思想者产生连结的机会 。我们相信我们可以把在这系列会议中所获得的观念与洞见，带回台湾；就算不能立刻付 诸实践，我们也将会带回去产生讨论，并且推动社会的改变。不只是为了我们自己的国家 ，也是为了亚太地区的其他国家。 We see the future of green movements as a straightforward proposition: getting the world back to sustainability. That deceptively simple concept was elegantly defined in the 1987 report to the United Nations, “Our Common Future”, and in 2003 Taiwan passed a law incorporating the definition verbatim. 我们可以把绿色运动的未来，看作是一个简短的命题：让世界回归永续。这简 单的概念是在1987年的联合国报告「我们共同的未来」中所定义的，而在2003 年时，台 湾通过了环境基本法，也将此定义纳入其中。 Our focus then, should be on “needs” rather than “wants”, and how we can satisfy these needs in a manner consistent with intergenerational and interspecies justice. 在未来我们的焦点应该是放在「需求」而非「欲望」之上，以及 我们要如何在符合跨世代与跨物种的正义之下，满足这些需求。 We believe in the people of Taiwan, as we believe in people around the world: having all the necessary and relevant information and having the opportunity to fully and meaningfully participate, we will do the right thing and we will find our way back to sustainability. Thank you again. 我们相信台湾的人民，正如 我们相信世界各地的人民，若能拥有所有必要的与相关的资讯，也拥有机会去充分而实质 地参与；我们将会做出正确的事情，而且我们将会找出一条回归永续的道路。再次谢谢各 位。 São Paulo, Brazil 3 May 2008 英文讲稿：文鲁彬 中文翻译小组：林震洋、李涵茹、李宣衡、崔愫欣。 演讲简报制作：张传佳 [help] [close] [copy] -- 想笑 就大声地笑 能接吻 就不忙着说话 生命就该浪漫在美好的事物上 Ecophilia & Greenparty 版 算是美好的事物吗? --

※ 发信站: 批踢踢实业坊(ptt.cc) ◆ From: 218.169.61.159 ※ huck:转录至看板 Ecophilia 06/21 02:41