作者xiezl (xzl)
看板GRE
标题Re: [问题] 一题 Magoosh 逻辑题问题
时间Mon Mar 23 19:03:13 2015
我是谢忠理,我先解一下这个题目,再说一下我对这个题目的看法。
原题目,答案只列有争议的两个。
------------------------------------------------------------
A senator, near the end of his first six-year term and
running for reelection, made the claim: "Citizens of our
state are thriving. While national unemployment levels have
remained high, our state unemployment rate has been at
astonishingly low levels for eleven years running. Clearly,
everyone in our state has benefited from the economical
packages I have introduced during my time in the Senate.
Therefore, grateful citizens of our state ought to vote for
my second term."
This argument is most vulnerable to what criticism?
A) It takes a condition to be the effect of something
that has happened only after the condition already
existed.
C) It conflates political conditions with economic
conditions.
------------------------------------------------------------
Q:pcgeek (原 po) 提出:
正解为 A,想请问各位,为何不能选 C 呢?
原文中提到:
Clearly, everyone in our state has benefited from the
economical packages I have introduced during my time in
the Senate. Therefore, grateful citizens of our state ou
ght to vote for my second term.
这样岂不是把经济状况与其整体政治表现混为一谈了吗?
只因为 everyone in our state has benefited from the
economical packages 就说大家应该将选票投给他?
A:这段文章严格说只有一句,因为後半是个很长的引述句。为了分
析,我将引述句内容以(句中)句为单位,拆开成为四句。
1. Citizens of ... are thriving. (小结论:生活好)
2. While national ... years running. (生活好的证据)
3. Clearly, everyone ... the Senate. (生活好的原因)
4. Therefore, grateful ... second term.
(主要结论,因为生活好,所以要投票感恩)
分析内容後,我们应该可以确定,前三句都在说经济状况。
只有最後一句话算是政治,因为这里说到要投票给该参议员。
所以整个论述是:
以经济状况为因(前三句)得到政治目的的果(最後一句)
经济与政治是因果关系,但是这前後四句话并没有将经济与政治
「混」在一起。
这应该就是 Magoosh 的原始说明中所称的:
(C) is wrong because the argument is not mixing up
economic conditions and political conditions. The
two are clearly separate in the argument.
但如果说这样就是「混在一起」,那麽
外面在下大雨,我们今晚就在家里吃吧。
是不是就会被说成是:「将天气状况与饮食方式混在一起」?若
如此,我们说的话几乎都不合逻辑了。
------------------------------------------------------------
补充我对这题的看法:
一、这题的文字不够佳,反映出题目「可能」设计不良
原文一开始写道:
A senator, near the end of his first six-year term and
running for reelection, made the claim:
这 near the end of his first six-year term 与
running for reelection
是怎麽平行的?
而本题问句是:
This argument is most vulnerable to what criticism?
这是问句的句型吗?
我之所以会挑这些毛病,是因为在教学中,常有同学拿坊间参考
书来问我问题,当我读到题目的文字不符合用字、文法或句型时
,我都会告诉同学,见微知着,这种题目的其他部分也可能不够
严谨,因而产生出一些似是而非引人争议的地方。所以除非同学
非常执着,否则我都会请他们不必在这种地方太纠结。
二、逻辑题目先做 GRE 的官方考古题,做完了还想再做,就做 GMAT
的官方考古题。全做完了,也都全弄懂了(不是用猜的),那
GRE 的逻辑题一定高分。其他坊间题目,参考就好了。LSAT 的
题目不太建议做,因为有些题目的类型与 GRE 不同,怕同学不
会分辨,做多了浪费自己的时间。
以上,提供给各位做参考
谢忠理
[email protected]
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1F:推 pcgeek : 非常感谢老师的分析、解释! 03/23 19:54
2F:推 wuyujen : 谢老师辛苦了!非常详尽的解析! 03/23 20:16
3F:推 newest : 推 03/24 01:25