作者theyangist (theyangist)
看板GEPT
标题Re: [问题] by 和 with 的用法
时间Mon Jul 9 12:57:04 2012
※ 引述《AZsorcerer (AZ)》之铭言：
: Duncan improved his English speaking ability by ___ with tape again and again.
: (A) practicing
: (B) practice
: (C) practices
: (D) practiced
: 答案是 (A)
: 请问这里为什麽一定要使用动名词的写法，而不能够直接使用practice呢?
你不能够直接使用'practice'因为你需要把一个句子(S)变成一个名词组(NP).
用你的例子解释:
(1) Duncan improved his English speaking ability by practicing with tapes
again and again.
(1.1) Duncan improved his English speaking ability by NP. Duncan practices
with tape again and again.
这种变化的方式在哪里都可以利用。
例如:
(S) The boy practices his English.
(S -> NP) [the boy['s]] practicing his English
- NP has helped him. -> Practicing his English has helped him.
- The boy really likes NP. -> The boy really likes practicing his English.
- Should NP be so hard? -> Should practicing his English be so hard?
- The boy was tired from NP. -> The boy was tired from practicing his English.
- The boy practices NP. -> The boy practices practicing his English.
英语有三四个(S -> NP)的方式，而国语只有一两个。英文教师的大部分不知道
这些规则，而除了研究语言句法之外，语言学生没办法知道我们如何做。
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