图文版 http://paige.pixnet.net/blog/post/32000159 ==================================================== [http://visual.merriam-webster.com/images/arts-architecture/ architecture/castle.jpg] http://visual.merriam-webster.com/arts-architecture/architecture/castle.php 从Merriam-Webster Visual Dictionary找到的这张图算是很清楚的城堡部位图 解。以下挑出书里常出现的讲解。 moat是护城河，drawbrige是可以升起放下跨过护城河的桥。gatehouse、 guardhouse是门口的大楼，barbican是守望楼，守护大门一带的区域。Keep是城 堡的主楼，bailey或ward都是指前庭、内庭，gatehouse的大门通常是升降闸门 叫做portcullis，上方有孔洞可以往下面来攻击的敌人倒下热油，那个孔洞叫 murder hole。城墙四周的尖塔是turret，墙壁上有供弓箭手射箭出去的小洞叫 crenel (垛口)。锯齿状的城墙上层总称battlement，锯齿状的部分叫parapet (城垛)，城垛高起的部分叫merlon (城齿)。城堡的边门叫postern。外围的防御 壁垒叫做rampart。某些城堡更外围还有木制栅栏palisade。管理城堡的堡主是 castellan。 书中常提到的一种城堡型式叫做Motte and Bailey土垒内庭式的城堡。像是下图 的英国温莎堡就是土垒内庭式城堡。中央有一个圆型的keep在土垒 (motte) 上， 左右有两区bailey。 [http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/ Windsor_Castle_from_the_Air_wideangle.jpg] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motte_and_bailey 单字表 moat 护城河 drawbridge 升降桥 gatehouse 门楼 barbican 望楼 keep 主楼 bailey, ward 前庭、内庭 portcullis 升降闸门 murder hole 屠口 turret 塔楼 battlement 胸墙 parapet 城垛 crenel 垛口 merlon 城齿 postern 边门 rampart 壁垒 palisade 栅栏 castellan 堡主 motte 土垒 冰与火例句: From its window, she could see that the heavy iron portcullis in the gatehouse was down, and the drawbridge drawn up over the deep dry moat that separated the keep-within-a-keep from the larger castle that surrounded it. (A Game of Thrones) He had never thought to find a stone castle on the far side of the Wall, but he had pictured some sort of motte-and-bailey with a wooden palisade and a timber tower keep. (A Clash of Kings) A small castle dominated the town; no more than a holdfast, really, a single tall square keep with a bailey and a curtain wall. (A Storm of Swords) She was about to say as much when she saw the battlements ahead, long parapets built into the very stone of the mountains on either side of them. (A Game of Thrones) The battlements bristled with spears and swords and scorpions, there was an archer at every crenel and arrow slit, the drawbridge was up, the portcullis down, the gates closed and barred. (A Game of Thrones) And above it all, frowning down from Aegon’s high hill, was the Red Keep; seven huge drum-towers crowned with iron ramparts, an immense grim barbican, vaulted halls and covered bridges, barracks and dungeons and granaries, massive curtain walls studded with archers' nests, all fashioned of pale red stone. (A Game of Thrones) Its great curtain wall was a hundred feet high, unbroken by arrow slit or postern, everywhere rounded, curving, smooth, its stones fit so cunningly together that nowhere was crevice nor angle nor gap by which the wind might enter. (A Clash of Kings) He swept the flame low before him, looking for . . . there. On the inside of the rampart and in the wide crenel between two upthrust merlons. (A Clash of Kings) The castellan at Winterfell is a brave man, but age has stiffened his wits as well as his limbs. (A Clash of Kings) 参考资料: http://en.wikipedia.org/ 城堡事典 作者/池上正太、ORG 译者/高胤喨 (http://www.books.com.tw/exep/prod/booksfile.php?item=0010532935) --

※ 发信站: 批踢踢实业坊(ptt.cc) ◆ From: 24.18.197.7