※ 引述《chris1 (小刀)》之铭言： : on an island in the indian ocean, people grow coconuts, and : import fertilizers. A merchant manages all the farms. This year, they : used $15,000 fertilizers(imported that year) and grew $75,000 coconuts. : The merchant pays $30,000 to the landlord. Since last year was a year of : good harvest, the merchant of the village kept $5,000 coconuts as inventory. : This year, the merchant ends up selling the coconuts in stock for $15,000. : Therefore, the total value of coconuts consumed is $90,000 this year. What : was the island's GDP for this year? Please come up with the result by : (i) the product approach : (ii) the expenditure approach : (iii) income approach : 搞不懂的点是，到底是不是消费了90000呢? 但今年明明只收成了75000不是吗... : 题目的意思是还有加去年的5000吗? 但加起来也才80000而已...搞不懂怎麽来的 : 九万，而且，那个15000，是卖剩下来，当今年的存货吗？ : 我的想法是，假如九万是错的，那 : (i) 75000，因今年度就只生产出这75000的coconuts，要再扣进口15000吗? : (ii) C=75000+5000-15000=65000 I=15000-5000=10000 M=15000 : GDP=65000+10000-15000=60000 : (iii) 30000(farmers)+30000(landlord)=60000 : 不知道这样对不对呢？请帮帮忙，感恩 以下用词，很多和教科书上的不太一样 (i) GDP = GVA (tax and subsidy is not mentioned) GVA = Σoutput - Σintermediate consumption = total output of coconut production and rental activities minus cost of fertilizers and rent = (75,000 + 30,000) - (15,000 + 30,000) = 60,000 Therefore, GDP = GVA = 60,000 (ii) GDP = Final consumption expenditure + GCF + net export = the total value of coconuts consumed (incl. export) plus changes in inventories minus import (GFCF is not mentioned) = 90,000 + (X-15,000) - 15,000 = 90,000 + (-15,000) - 15,000 (X = output of coconut production minus (total value of coconuts consumed minus value of coconuts sold in stock) = 75,000 - (90,000 - 15,000) = 0 ) = 60,000 消费的九万，包括当年产出的，与之前的存货 之前存货的价值有多少，题目并没有交待 我们只知道前一年存货增加的价值为五千 题目先给定售出存货的价值为一万五，不管消费给多少，GDP 仍然是六万 (a) 如果消费等於九万，表示当年生产的椰子全部卖出， 即上述 X = 0，存货变化为 -15,000 GDP = 90,000 + (-15,000) - 15,000 = 60,000 (b) 如果消费小於九万，表示当年生产的椰子没有卖完而成为存货， 即上述 X > 0，存货变化为 X-15,000，消费为 90,000-X， GDP = (90,000-X) + (X-15,000) - 15,000 = 60,000 (c) 如果消费大於九万，表示当年生产的椰子不仅卖完， 商人还进口其他地方生产的椰子，即上述 X 属於进口的项目， GDP = (90,000+X) + (-15,000) - (15,000+|X|) = 60,000 (iii) GDP = gross operating surplus and mixed income plus compensation of employees (tax and subsidy is not mentioned) = GVA - compensation of employees plus compensation of employees = GVA = 60,000 地主的租金收入为 30,000 商人与农夫的收入总和为毛利 = 销售 - 销货成本(肥料 + 租金 - 存货变化) = 90,000 - (15,000 + 30,000 - (-15,000)) = 30,000 --

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