※ 引述《MicroMacro (dodoron)》之铭言： : from：商业周刊　1237期　请问经济达人　专栏 : Q：现在有些「恐龙法官」判决很离谱，有办法解决吗？ : A：我们有判决离谱的「恐龙法官」，为什麽没有乱打当事人官司的「恐龙律师」？也没听 : 过有乱搞屋主装潢的「恐龙设计师」，更没乱煮食物不管顾客的「恐龙厨师」。为什麽 : 会有这种差别？ : 因为律师、设计师、厨师提供的服务，是消费者自愿付钱购买，这些人也面临同行竞争， : 若他们的服务不符消费者期望，消费者会弃他们而去，他们就失去收入。 : 但是法官不管认真判案或乱判一通，全体纳税人都还是要被迫付钱给法官，法官收入和其 : 判决品质完全不相干。而且，当前法院是垄断的，没有其他同行竞争，即使某法官过去 : 「恐龙」的劣迹班班，当事人碰上了也只能自认倒楣，无法自由选择找其他法院来审理， : 这就是「恐龙法官」存在的原因。 : 政府提供的服务，市场可用更有效率、代价更低的方式提供，原因是市场有「自愿付费、 : 开放竞争」两个特色，政府提供的服务─如司法判决，就缺乏这两个特色。 : 因此，要淘汰恐龙法官，就要用已被证明最有效的方式：使用者自愿付费、法院开放竞 : 争。 : 如果法官不再靠纳税人出钱供养，而须仰赖官司当事人付费；如果官司仲裁不再交给垄断 : 的法院，而是可让当事人自由选择其他法院，在这种竞争压力下，法官判决就会尽力做到 : 「公正、效率」，因为唯有提升判决品质，法官才能得到官司当事人青睐赚到收入，这和 : 企业想在市场生存，就得提供好的产品服务是一样道理。 : 若法官罔顾证据违法乱判，其他想打官司的当事人，就不会再去请这种法官审理，这个法 : 官就失去收入，法官变成「恐龙」的诱因，就会比法官收入和其判决品质无关、法院是垄 : 断的现行制度要小。 : 十八世纪的英国就实行过法院竞争制度，经济学之父亚当．斯密(Adam Smith)的《国富论 : 》里，早已清楚说明。 : 人们之所以上法院，是因为别人不正当行为侵害他们的权利，这些因为法院判决而被恢复 : 权利的人，正是法官判决「服务」的受益者。因此亚当．斯密认为，「司法的费用，来自 : 受益於法院判决的人所付的规费，是很恰当的做法。」 : 英国当时各法院法官的收入，不是来自人民税金，而是当事人的付费，当事人完全可以自 : 由选择哪个法院来审理他们的案子。在这种竞争下，每一个法官都努力的对每一种不公平 : ，在法律允许的范围内，给予最快和最有效的救济，以吸引更多案件上门。亚当．斯密说 : ：「目前(十八世纪)英国令人羡慕的法庭体系，是各法庭法官间的竞争塑造出来的。」 : 因此，亚当．斯密指出的「自愿付费，开放竞争」法院竞争体系，正是对「恐龙法官」离 : 谱判决的最好解决办法。 This scheme of making the administration of justice subservient to the purposes of revenue, could scarce fail to be productive of several very gross abuses. The person who applied for justice with a large present in his hand, was likely to get something more than justice; while he who applied for it with a small one was likely to get something less. Justice, too, might frequently be delayed, in order that this present might be repeated. The amercement, besides, of the person complained of, might frequently suggest a very strong reason for finding him in the wrong, even when he had not really been so. That such abuses were far from being uncommon, the ancient history of every country in Europe bears witness. A stamp-duty upon the law proceedings of each particular court, to be levied by that court, and applied towards the maintenance of the judges, and other officers belonging to it, might in the same manner, afford a revenue sufficient for defraying the expense of the administration of justice, without bringing any burden upon the general revenue of the society. The judges, indeed, might in this case, be under the temptation of multiplying unnecessarily the proceedings upon every cause, in order to increase, as much as possible, the produce of such a stamp-duty.It has been the cus- tom in modern Europe to regulate, upon most occasions, the payment of the attorneys and clerks of court according to the number of pages which they had occasion to write; the court, however, requiring that each page should contain so many lines, and each line so many words. In order to increase their payment, the attorneys and clerks have contrived to multiply words beyond all necessity, to the corruption of the law language of, I believe, every court of justice in Europe. A like temptation might, perhaps, occasion a like corruption in the form of law proceedings. When the judicial is united to the executive power, it is scarce possible that justice should not frequently be sacrificed to what is vulgarly called politics. The persons entrusted with the great interests of the state may even without any corrupt views, sometimes imagine it necessary to sacrifice to those interests the rights of a private man. But upon the impartial administration of justice depends the liberty of every individual, the sense which he has of his own security. In order to make every individual feel himself perfectly secure in the possession of every right which belongs to him, it is not only necessary that the judicial should be separated from the executive power, but that it should be rendered as much as possible independent of that power. The judge should not be liable to be removed from his office according to the caprice of that power. The regular payment of his salary should not depend upon the good will, or even upon the good economy of that power. 最後面应该才是A. Smith真正的看法吧? --

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