作者dododino (喔耶～)
看板Economics
标题[请益] GNP的观念及一些个经题目
时间Thu Feb 26 01:09:39 2009
一、计算ＧＮＰ时，今年生产而未出售的存货变动要计入，
ex: 前年盘点300万，去年盘点500万，则200万计入GNP
但如果去年盘点500万，今年盘点300万，存货变动是以零计算吗?
还是要计算为-200万
因为这少掉的两百万其实已经算在去年年底的GNP了(被卖掉)
所以应该怎麽算呢?
二、在讲到成本理论的时候，有谈到MPL与MC是反向变动的关系
证明如下:
MC = dTVC/dQ = d(wL)/dQ = w dL/dQ = w/MPL
我一直认为:讲到MPL或MPK的时候是在谈短期
因为固定一个要素才能来谈另外一个要素
但是看到一题要证明长其中成本函数弹性与生产函数弹性的乘积为一的题目里
解答写道:长期下，MC与MP有对称关系，也就是MC=w/MPL=r/MPK
所以是我之前的观念一直错误罗? MC = w/MPL 不管在长期短期皆成立?
----------------------------考题分隔线-----------------------------
1.若100人同住一个小岛，他们愿意支付$50建造额外的路灯。若建造路灯的成本为
C(X)=3X^2+200X+10，X为路灯数量。则符合经济效率的路灯数量是多少?
(A)910 (B)1130 (C)765 (D)800
答案是D 用MC=PQ来算 则 6X+200=5000 => X=800
可是为啥要用TR=MC啊?
2.
Suppose two goods are being prodeced efficiently and that the production
of X is always more labor intensive than production of Y. Production depends
only on two factors (L&K); these may besmoothly substituted for each other.
The total quantities of these inputs are fixed.An increase in the production
of X and a decrease in production of Y will
(A)increase the capital-labor ratio in each firm
(B)decrease the capital-labor ratio in each firm
(C)leave the capital-labor ratiofor each firm unchanged
(D)increase the capital-labor ratio in Y production and decrease the
capital-labor ratio in X production
答案是A
我觉得答案是D耶，因为多制造X就要多用L也要多用K，L上升的幅度>K上升的幅度，
所以K/L变小，对Y来说，K下降的幅度<L下降的幅度 => K/L变大
3.
The problem of adverse selection in health insurance leads to a situation in
which health insurance covers inapprepriate items for the population it serves
(A)overinsurance of the premium-paying population occurs
(B)the percentage of the premium-paying population that is unhealthy rises,
squeezing healthy individuals out of the market.
答案是A
但我觉得根据逆选择的定义应该要选B比较好?
4.
A厂在高技术下生产半导体，B厂则在低技术下生产，若A厂要给B厂一个有效的讯号
那此讯号应该? (MSB=marginal signal benefit MSC=marginal signal cost)
(A)MSB(a)-MSC(a) >= MSB(b)-MSC(b)
(B)MSB(a)-MSC(a) = MSB(b)-MSC(b)
(C)MSB(a)-MSC(a) < MSB(b)-MSC(b)
(D)MSB(a)-MSC(a) > MSB(b)-MSC(b)
答案是B
WHY WHY WHY
谢谢各位的解答<(_ _)>
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