试题 : 1.Provide chemical formulas for the following materials: (10%) (1)tin(IV) oxide SnO2 (2)ferrous sulfate FeSO4 (3)sodium crabonate Na2CO3 (4)dinitrogen pentoxide N2O5 (5)hypochlorous acid HClO (6)hydrochloric acid HCl (7)ammonium hydroxide NH4OH (8)lithium perchlorate trihydrate LiClO4‧3H2O (9)thiosulfuric acid H2S2O3 (10)acetic acid CH3COOH 2.Fill up the following blank: (10%) (1)1 atmosphere=_760_mmHg=_1.013_bar;1 mbar=_0.750_torr. (2)A neutral atom of element "X" has 12 eletrons.Its atomic number is _12_, with _12_ protons in the nucleus.Its approximate atomic mass is _24amu_. Its oxidation state is normally expected tp be _2+_. (3)1.5 femtosecond=_1.5E-15_second;0.20 μg= _2E-7_g;9.0 GHz=_9E9_cps. 3.Briefly explain or distinguish the following terms: (20%) (1)cathode and anode cathode:Electrode at which reduction takes place. anode: Electrode at which oxidation takes place. (2)homogeneous and heterogeneous mixture heterogeneous mixture: Mixture mixed by substances of different phases. homogeneous mixture: Mixture mixed by substances of the same phase. (3)endothermic and exothermic reation 超出范围 (4)enthalpy and entropy 超出范围 (5)extensive and intensive properties 不会 (6)redox reactions 超出范围 (7)mass number and atomic weight mass number: the number of proton + the number of neutron, which is a natural number. atomic weight: the actual weight of the atom. 囧 (8)State function 超出范围 (9)absorption and emission spectra The particular patternof wavelengths absorbed and emitted by the atom. (10)a quantum and a photon quantum: The smallest amount of a physical quantity that can exist indipendently, especially a descrete quantity of electromagnetic radiation. photon: A massless "particle" of light, whose energy is equal to Plank's constant times the frequency of the light(hν). 4.For each of the following physical quantities give the order of magnitude and dimensions by citing common units: (10%) (1)ideal gas constant 0.082 (atm L/mol K) (2)Boltzmann constant 1.38E-23 (J/K) (3)Plank's constant 6.62E-34 (Js) (4)visible lights(in wavelength) 400~700 (nm) (5)temperature of liquid nitrogen bath -196 C = 77 K 5.Write the mathematical expressions (5%) (1)the Boyles law PV=constant (2)Dalton's law of partical pressures Pi=niRT/V P=sigma Pi=sigma ni(RT/V)=ntotal(RT/V) Xi=ni/ntotal Pi/P=[ni(RT/V)]/[ntotal(RT/v)]=Xi Pi=XiP P=P1+P2+P3+...=sigma Pi (3)Einstein equation for equivalence of mass and energy E=mc^2 (4)de Broglie's equation 超出范围 (5)Energy levels of Bohr's H-atom △E=2.179E-18[(1/n1^2)-(1/n2^2)] (J) 6.Answer the following quetions: (27%) (1)According to the Kinetic Molecular Theory,what is the average translational kinetic energy of the gas molecules at constant temperature T? vavg=(8RT/piM)^0.5 (2)In compared under the same conditions,how much faster than helium does hydrogen effuse through a tiny hole? 2^0.5 (3)What volume of 0.210 M NaOH is required to neutralize 20.0 mL of 0.1050 M HCl in an acid-base titration(滴定)? 10.0 (mL) (4)Calculate the density of methane gas at 25。C and 1 atm. 0.6548 (g/L) (5)How many liters of oxygen gas are consumed for every 10.0 L of CO2(g) produced in the combustion of liquid pentane,if all volumes are measured at STP?Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction and do calculation. C5H12+8O2→5CO2+6H2O, 16.0 (L) (6)State the three laws of thermodynamics in words or by using equations. (#‵′)凸 (7)A visible light has a wavelength of 600.0 nm.calculate the frequency and the energy.Would it produce the photoeletric effect in potassium? (Given the threshold frequency is 5*10^14 Hz) ν=c/λ≒5E14 (Hz) It will produce the photoeletric effect in potassium. and E=hν=3.31E-19 (J) (8)Explain qualitatively why the endotheric decomposition of calcium carbonate to calcium oxide and carbon dioxides is spontaneous at high temperature but not at room temperature. CaCO3→CaO+CO2...超出范围了吧 (9)At its normal boiling point,the enthalpy of vaporization of pentadecane is 49.45 kJ/mol.What should its approximate normal boiling temperature be ? 超出范围 7.The three numbers on the fertilizer label are the NPK designation.They indicate the nitrogen content expressed as % N,the phosphorus content expressed as % P2O5,and the potassium content expressed as % K2O.The use of mass percentage based on oxides is a holdover from the way compositions were reported in the early days of analytical chemistry.Answer the following quetions: (8%) (1)What are the percentages of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in 5-15-10 fertilizer? (2)What is the NPK designation for pure KH2PO4? (3)It is desired to make a 20-20-20 fertilizer using KNO3,NH4NO3,NaH2PO4,and an inert ingredient(sand).If this can be done,give the relative mass of each of the ingredients present.If this can not be done,show why this is the cass. Given atomic mass:N,14.00;P,30.97;K,39.10;Na,22.99;O,16.00 今日头脑额度已用完... 8.For synthesis of 1 mole ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen, (10%) (1)Write the balanced chemical equation (2)Calculate ΔH。,ΔS。,ΔG。 and the equilibrium constant Kp at 25。C by using the thermodynamic data given below. entropy in J/K: N2(g),191.61;H2(g),130.68;NH3(g),192.45 enthalpy of formation,ΔHf。[NH3(g)]=-46.11 KJ/mole (3)From a thermodynamic point of view,is the reaction spontaneous at 25。C? (4)Does high temperature make the reaction more or less spontaneous? 超出范围 -- 痛啊>"< ○ ︵︵\○╱/| 我刀都还没拿出来你在痛什麽~"~ . . ﹎ ﹍﹍ ╱￣﹚ ╱＞ --

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