参考网址： List of MythBusters episodes (维基百科) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MythBusters_episodes MythBusters 2010 season (维基百科) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MythBusters_(2010_season) ---------------------------------- 流言终结者：流感流言大检验 (Flu Fiction) 第147集 单元：　感冒流言大检验 (Fever Pitch)、 断头龙卷风 (Tornado Decapitation) 本集的流言终结者，亚当和杰米要验证两则普通感冒流言。首先，他们要测试极限，看打 喷嚏能否达到100哩时速，射程超过30尺。接着他们要验证流鼻涕是否会传染给别人？至 於凯莉、格兰和托瑞则是拿脖子开铡，看龙卷风能否把玻璃变成血滴子？ 本集要验证有关感冒及龙卷风的流言：喷嚏的时速能否达到160公里，射程达9公尺远？感 冒的鼻涕能否迅速并广泛的感染其它人？龙卷风的风力能否带动窗户玻璃砍掉人头？ 关键字： 普通感冒(common cold)、喷嚏(sneeze)、飞沬(droplets)、鼻涕(nasal secretions)、 时速和距离(speed & distance)； 龙卷风(tornado)、窗户玻璃(window glass)、断头(decapitation)； 喷嚏靶场(sneeze shooting range)、高速摄影机(high-speed camera)、鼻烟(tabacco snuff)、刺激鼻腔黏膜(irritate the mucous membrane)、樱桃口味的饮料粉(cherry drink powder)、白纸(white paper)、食物染料(food coloring)、鼻滴管(nasal dropper)、萤光染料(fluorescent dye)、每小时60毫升的黏液(60 milliliters of mucus per hour)、紫外线灯(ultraviolet light or black light)、做模型 (model-building work)、派对(party)、交叉感染、测试对象(Test subject)、洁癖 (germaphobe)、不知情的人(unsuspecting ones)、刻意避免身体接触(avoid physical contact consciously)、避免间接接触(avoid indirect contact)； 血滴子〔断头台〕(guillotine)、人颈的磁振造影(MRI of human neck)、猪脊椎(pig spine)、猪皮及肌肉(skin and muscle)、长颈(elongated neck)、假人头(human-like head)、厚3.2mm的玻璃板(1/8 inch thick glass panes)、符合龙卷风地区的住宅建筑规 章标准(conformed to building codes for houses in tornado-prone areas)、用手抛 掷(throwing by hand)、速度和准度(speed and accuracy)、玻璃碎裂、卡车(pickup truck)、交通锥(travel cone)、钢架(steel structure)、保丽龙砖夹具(styrofoam blocks holder)、用较重且低速的玻璃模拟轻而高速的玻璃(heavy glass sheet by low speed equivalent of light pane by high speed)、五级龙卷风(F5 tornado)、二级龙 卷风(F2 tornado)、玻璃没有完全脱离、额外的动能(extra kinetic energy)、有疑问就 做个机器人(If in doubt, ? robot)、脚轮(castor)、轮子装在支轴(tires on axle)、 电动马达(Electric motor)； 传播与污染(spread & contaminated)、改变行为(behavior change)；动能(kinetic energy)； ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Fever Pitch Adam and Jamie explore three myths associated with the common cold. A sneeze can leave a person’s nose/mouth at 100 mph (160 km/h). "Busted" Adam and Jamie used snuff to irritate their mucous membranes and force themselves to sneeze. Droplets from Adam’s and Jamie’s sneezes traveled at 35 mph (56 km/h) and 39 mph (63 km/h), respectively. Droplets from a sneeze can travel up to 30 ft (9.1 m). "Busted" To get a visual indication of distance, Adam mixed cherry drink powder into the snuff and sneezed over a 30-foot-long strip of white paper. When this method failed to show any marks, he and Jamie tried drinking a small amount of food coloring just before sneezing. This idea worked, giving a maximum distance of 17 ft (5.2 m) for Adam and 13 ft (4.0 m) for Jamie. Nasal secretions from a person with a cold can spread so far and so quickly that anyone in the vicinity can become contaminated. "Confirmed" Adam and Jamie consulted with an otolaryngologist and learned that a person with a cold may secrete up to 60 milliliters of mucus per hour. Jamie built a rig from a syringe and tubing to match that drip rate with fluorescent dye, and Adam wore it by his nose as he did model-building work. After one hour, he and everything he had touched were stained with the dye. They then set up a party for Adam to host, with three “germaphobe” guests (Kari, Grant, and Tory, who were briefed to try to avoid contact with Adam) and three unsuspecting ones. Thirty minutes later, Adam, the whole table, and every guest except Kari – who admitted that she actually was a germaphobe – were heavily contaminated. In a second experiment in which Adam consciously did his best to avoid physical contact, all six guests came up clean. Adam and Jamie declared the myth confirmed at this point, commenting that a healthy person would find it very difficult to avoid being contaminated by a sick one who did not attempt to keep from spreading his/her germs. Tornado Decapitation Tornado-force winds can propel window glass with enough speed to decapitate a person. "Confirmed" Kari and Tory obtained a pig spine with skin and muscle, trimmed it down to resemble an elongated neck, and attached a dummy head. The Build Team then obtained several 1/8 in (3.2 mm) thick glass panes that conformed to building codes for houses in tornado-prone areas, and began throwing them at "Neck Man" by hand. They had difficulty reaching a suitable combination of speed and accuracy; none of their throws inflicted more than a minor wound. Tory then built a frame to attach to a pickup truck, with a heavy 14.3 lb (6.5 kg) glass sheet loosely mounted to hit Neck Man edge-on but break loose just before impact. The first attempt, at 80 mph (129 km/h) – the equivalent kinetic energy of a light pane traveling 300 mph (483 km/h) in an F5 tornado – sliced the head off. A second test at 40 mph (64 km/h) (150 mph (241 km/h) for a light pane in a less powerful F2 tornado) also cut completely through the neck. However, the glass did not break out of its holder, indicating that the momentum of the truck may have affected the result. Back at the workshop, the team built a rig to throw 1/4 in (6.4 mm) thick panes (twice as heavy as the original ones) at 70 mph (113 km/h). After several tries, they were able to score a hit that completely and cleanly severed the head, leading them to declare the myth confirmed. ------------------------------------------------------------------------- --

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