参考网址： Discovery Channel 官网节目表 http://www.yourdiscovery.com/tw/nevermissdiscovery/ List of MythBusters episodes (维基百科) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MythBusters_episodes MythBusters 2010 season (维基百科) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MythBusters_(2010_season) 流言终结者：酒瓶砸头 (Bottle Bash) 第141集 单元：　酒瓶砸头 (Bottle Bash)、 皮革大炮 (Leather Cannon)、 在本集的流言终结者，亚当和杰米要验证酒吧斗殴流言，他们想知道空啤酒瓶是否比满瓶 危险。另一方面，说到自古流传的大炮材质流言，凯莉、格兰和托瑞要验证瑞典版和爱尔 兰版大炮流言：皮革真能做成大炮？ 关於酒吧斗殴流言，监识科学家列出头颅破裂、脑震荡和头皮撕裂伤，都是被酒瓶砸头可 能造成的伤势；他们也提出结论说被空瓶砸头，会导致更严重的伤势。为了验证这个流言 ，亚当打造酒吧斗殴机器人，然後分别进行脑震荡测试、头颅破裂测试和头皮撕裂伤测试 。在脑震荡测试和头颅破裂测试，满瓶都比空瓶造成更严重伤势。在头皮撕裂伤测试，满 瓶和空瓶造成的伤势则是不相上下。凯莉、格兰和托瑞要验证瑞典版和爱尔兰版皮革大炮 流言。瑞典大炮是用铜蕊管加铁环等材料制作，最後包覆皮革当外层。爱尔兰大炮则是较 为正统的皮革大炮，炮身完全为皮革所制成。他们将制作这两种大炮并和真正的复古大炮 做比较。 关键字： 啤酒瓶(beer bottle)、空瓶或满瓶(empty or full bottle)、人脑(human brain)、颅骨 (skull)； 皮革(leather)、瑞典版大炮(Swedish cannon)、爱尔兰版大炮(Irish cannon) 美式足球头盔(football helmet)、加速计(accelerometer)、假人头(fake human head) 、酒吧斗殴机器人(swinging arm machine)、弹簧(spring)、明胶(gelatin)、果冻脑 (jello brain)、高速摄影机(high-speed camera)、苏打水(carbonated water)、聚氨酯 塑胶(polyurethane plastic)、人造皮肤(artificial skin)、人造血液(artificial blood)； 帕落特炮(Parrott gun)、铸铁(cast iron)、炮弹(cannonball)、黑火药(Black Powder) 、炮口初速(muzzle velocity)、高速摄影机(high-speed camera)、量尺(scale)、帧率 (frame rate)、铜芯(copper core)、铁环(iron bands)、後膛(breech)、炮管(barrel) 、胶水(glue)、铜栓(brass plug)、环氧树脂(epoxy resin)、润滑(lubricate)、时尚大 炮(stylish cannon) G力(G-force)、变形吸收能量、脑震荡(concussion)、颅骨骨折(skull fractures)、头 皮撕裂伤(skin lacerations)、脑部晃动程度、冲击试验(impact test)；摄影测速、炮 管强度 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bottle Bash : When bashing somebody in the head with a beer bottle, an empty beer bottle will cause more damage than a full one. "Busted" The Mythbusters first started by striking a fake human head with both full and empty bottles. The initial results showed that the full bottle struck with an average G-force of 28.1 while the empty bottle struck at an average of 22.7 Gs. However, the Mythbusters noted that the G-forces varied widely depending on how hard the head was struck. To get more consistent results, Adam built a machine to simulate a swinging arm. In their second test, the Mythbusters used the robot arm to strike a container with gelatin representing the human brain. Analyzing the results, they found that full bottle still delivered more force to the brain than the empty bottle, making an injury like a concussion more likely. However, the Mythbusters decided to factor in other injuries such as skull fractures and lacerations. They built a container to more closely simulate a human skull. The full bottles were able to smash the skull, while the empty bottle could not even crack it. They then used artificial skin and blood to test for lacerations. However, the full and empty bottles caused the same amount of lacerations. The full bottle was clearly more capable of causing damage than the empty bottle. Leather Cannon : A fully functional cannon can be built completely out of leather. "Busted" For comparison, the Build Team fired a Civil War Parrott gun of similar size to the cannons described in the myth to measure its muzzle velocity, which was 389 mph (626 km/h). Because there are two separate versions of the myth, originating from Sweden and Ireland, the Build Team decided to test both designs. The Swedish cannon consisted of a copper core wrapped in leather and iron bands, while the Irish cannon was built completely out of leather. The Swedish cannon managed to fire its cannonball at a speed of 450 mph (720 km/h), but blew out its breech in the process. The Irish cannon failed spectacularly, with the breech blowing out, the cannonball moving only two feet, and the barrel completely unravelling, making a second shot impossible. They then built a third leather cannon and reinforced it with significantly more leather. They also lubricated the barrel to make it easier for the cannonball to fire. The cannon managed to fire successfully, but the cannonball could only achieve a speed of 52 mph (84 km/h). While the cannon was still structurally intact, the barrel was too damaged for a second shot. --

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