这篇报导有两篇文章, 但第二篇老鼠的研究我不是很懂就是了. 第一篇是用三只猴子, 都 装了脑机介面, 每只猴子可以控制三维平面中的两个维度. 最後三只猴子一起可以控制三 个维度, 达成目标. 影片在原始网站: http://0rz.tw/NJkdP 这研究对我来说比较值得关注的点是, 1)看来脑机介面已经可以很好的去解读很简单的运 动, 例如二维的活动, 否则误差率大的话, 三只猴子一起应该很难完成任务. 2) 不晓得猴 子是否知道他们的活动是互相合作或干扰情况下完成的, 或是只是想把点想办法往要去的 地方控制. 如果是前者应该会很有趣, 表示可以有一个很好的动物模型来研究猴子经济学 .看看猴子们的竞合之类的. -- Neuroscientists at Duke University have introduced a new paradigm for brain-machine interfaces that investigates the physiological properties and adaptability of brain circuits, and how the brains of two or more animals can work together to complete simple tasks. These brain networks, or Brainets, are described in two articles to be published in the July 9, 2015, issue of Scientific Reports. In separate experiments reported in the journal, the brains of monkeys and the brains of rats are linked, allowing the animals to exchange sensory and motor information in real time to control movement or complete computations. In one example, scientists linked the brains of rhesus macaque monkeys, who worked together to control the movements of the arm of a virtual avatar on a digital display in front of them. Each animal controlled two of three dimensions of movement for the same arm as they guided it together to touch a moving target. In the rodent experiment, scientists networked the brains of four rats complete simple computational tasks involving pattern recognition, storage and retrieval of sensory information, and even weather forecasting. Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) are computational systems that allow subjects to use their brain signals to directly control the movements of artificial devices, such as robotic arms, exoskeletons or virtual avatars. The Duke researchers, working at the Center for Neuroengineering, have previously built BMIs to capture and transmit the brain signals of individual rats, monkeys, and even human subjects to artificial devices. "This is the first demonstration of a shared brain-machine interface, a paradigm that has been translated successfully over the past decades from studies in animals all the way to clinical applications," said Miguel Nicolelis, M.D., Ph. D., co-director of the Center for Neuroengineering at the Duke University School of Medicine and principal investigator for the study. "We foresee that shared BMIs will follow the same track, and could soon be translated to clinical practice." To complete the experiments, Nicolelis and his team outfitted the animals with arrays implanted in their motor and somatosensory cortices to capture and transmit their brain activity. For one experiment highlighted in the primate article, researchers recorded the electrical activity of more than 700 neurons from the brains of three monkeys as they moved a virtual arm toward a target. In this experiment, each monkey mentally controlled two out of three dimensions (i.e., x-axis and y-axis; see video) of the virtual arm. The monkeys could be successful only when at least two of them synchronized their brains to produce continuous 3-D signals that moved the virtual arm. As the animals gained more experience and training in the motor task, researchers found that they adapted to the challenge. The study described in the second paper used groups of three or four rats whose brains were interconnected via microwire arrays in the somatosensory cortex of the brain and received and transmitted information via those wires. In one experiment, rats received temperature and barometric pressure information and were able to combine information with the other rats to predict an increased or decreased chance of rain. Under some conditions, the authors observed that the rat Brainet could perform at the same level or better than one rat on its own. These results support the original claim of the same group that Brainets may serve as test beds for the development of organic computers created by the interfacing of multiple animal brains with computers. Nicolelis and colleagues of the Walk Again Project, based in the project's laboratory in Brazil, are currently working on a non-invasive human Brainet to be used for neuro-rehabilitation training in paralyzed patients. Explore further: Touch-sensing neurons are multitaskers Journal: http://medicalxpress.com/journals/scientific-reports/ 网址: http://medicalxpress.com/news/2015-07-neuroscientists-brain-to-brain-networks- primates-rodents.html ( http://0rz.tw/NJkdP ) --

※ 发信站: 批踢踢实业坊(ptt.cc), 来自: 134.58.253.57 ※ 文章网址: https://webptt.com/cn.aspx?n=bbs/Cognitive/M.1436886968.A.CDE.html 另外一篇报导, 里面描述当猴子合作一起解决问题时, 会学习的比较快. 也就是说, 通过 合作来控制, 问题会变简单. 接下来他们会想测试使用困难的测验下, 表现会不会比单一 猴子来的好. 这里提出一个新概念, 或许可以把大脑当成运算元, 然後把大脑串联起来变 成一个新的运算工具. http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/linking-multiple-minds-could-help -damaged-brains-heal-180955965/?no-ist ( http://tinyurl.com/qexlj7a ) ※ 编辑: mulkcs (193.190.253.144), 07/21/2015 15:55:12