[文本] #5 甲： Papa non vult nec potest ullas penas remittere preter eas, quas arbitrio vel suo vel canonum imposuit. （google翻译： The Pope has neither the will nor the power to remit any penalties other than those which he has imposed either by himself or by canon law.） 乙： 教皇除凭自己的权柄或凭教条所科的惩罚以外， 既无意也无权免除任何惩罚。 教宗没有免除任何罪孽的意志和权力， 他只能赦免凭自己的权力或教会法加於人们的惩罚。 丙： The pope neither desires nor is able to remit any penalties except those imposed by his own authority or that of the canons. The pope does not intend to remit, and cannot remit any penalties other than those which he has imposed either by his own authority or by that of the Canons. The Pope will not, and cannot, remit other punishments than those which he has imposed by his own decree or according to the canons. 丁： Der Papst will und kann keine Strafen erlassen, außer solchen, die er auf Grund seiner eigenen Entscheidung oder der der kirchlichen Satzungen auferlegt hat. （google翻译： The pope can not and can not impose punishments, except those he sets up Reason of his own decision or of the ecclesiastical statutes imposed.） #6 甲： Papa non potest remittere ullam culpam nisi declarando et approbando remissam a deo Aut certe remittendo casus reservatos sibi, quibus contemptis culpa prorsus remaneret. (The pope can not remit any guilt, except by declaring and showing that it has been remitted by God; or at most by remitting cases reserved for himself, to whom the guilt in his judgment.) 乙： 教皇不能赦免任何罪债，而只能宣布并肯定罪债已经得了上帝的赦免。 那留下归他审判的，他当然可以赦免。他若越过此雷池，罪债便仍然存在。 教宗除宣告或证明罪孽已由 神赦免外，他本人不能赦免任何罪过。 至多仅仅有权在为自己保留裁决的案件中为人赦罪。即使如此， 如果他的权力遭到否认，这种罪仍然未得赦免。 丙： The pope cannot remit any guilt, except by declaring and showing that it has been remitted by God; or, to be sure, by remitting guilt in cases reserved to his judgment. If his right to grant remission in these cases were disregarded, the guilt would certainly remain unforgiven. The pope cannot remit any guilt, except by declaring that it has been remitted by God and by assenting to God's remission; though, to be sure, he may grant remission in cases reserved to his judgment. If his right to grant remission in such cases were despised, the guilt would remain entirely unforgiven. The Pope can forgive sins only in the sense, that he declares and confirms what may be forgiven of God; or that he doth it in those cases which he hath reserved to himself; be this contemned, the sin remains unremitted. 丁： Der Papst kann eine Schuld nur dadurch erlassen, daß er sie als von Gott erlassen erklärt und bezeugt, natürlich kann er sie in den ihm vorbehaltenen Fällen erlassen; wollte man das geringachten, bliebe die Schuld ganz und gar bestehen. (The pope can only forgive a guilt by calling it a divine gift Declared declares and testifies, of course he can do it in him reserved cases; if you wanted to laugh at that, it would remain Guilt completely exist.) #7 甲： Nulli prorsus remittit deus culpam, quin simul eum subiiciat humiliatum in omnibus sácerdoti suo vicario. (God never remits any man's guilt, without at the same time subjecting him, humbled in all things to His vicar, the priest.) 乙： 上帝赦免人的罪债，未有不使那人在祂的代表神甫面前凡事自卑的。 神为人赦罪，还要同时使他凡事谦恭，顺服於祂的代表－－－神父。 丙： God remits guilt to no one unless at the same time he humbles him in all things and makes him submissive to the vicar, the priest. God remits guilt to no one whom He does not, at the same time, humble in all things and bring into subjection to His vicar, the priest. God forgives none his sin without at the same time casting him penitent and humbled before the priest His vicar. 丁： Gott erläßt überhaupt keinem die Schuld, ohne ihn zugleich demütig in allem dem Priester, seinem Stellvertreter, zu unterwerfen. (God does not blame anyone at all, without being humble at the same time everything to the priest, his deputy.) #8 甲： Canones penitentiales solum viventibus sunt impositi, nihilque morituris eosdem debet imponi. (The penitential canons are imposed only on the living, and nothing should be imposed.) 乙： 惩罚教条仅是加於活人身上，对临死者不应有所惩罚。 根据教会法规，悔罪条例仅适用於活人，而不能加於任何死者身上。 丙： The penitential canons are imposed only on the living, and, according to the canons themselves, nothing should be imposed on the dying. The penitential canons are imposed only on the living, and, according to them, nothing should be imposed on the dying. The canons concerning penance are imposed only on the living; they ought not by any means, following the same canons, to be imposed on the dying. 丁： Die kirchlichen Bestimmungen über die Buße sind nur für die Lebenden verbindlich, den Sterbenden darf demgemäß nichts auferlegt werden. (The ecclesiastical provisions concerning repentance are only for the living binding, nothing may be imposed on the dying person.) #9 甲： Inde bene nobis facit spiritussanctus in papa excipiendo in suis decretis semper articulum motris et necessitatis. (Therefore, the Holy Spirit in the pope is in these decrees article of death and of necessity.) 乙： 所以圣灵借着教皇用宽仁对待我们，使他在教会中总将死亡和必要定为例外。 如果教宗在其赦令中始终把死亡期和必要时刻视为例外，那麽， 通过他的圣灵对我们来说便是仁慈的。 丙： Therefore the Holy Spirit through the pope is kind to us insofar as the pope in his decrees always makes exception of the article of death and of necessity. Therefore the Holy Spirit in the pope is kind to us, because in his decrees he always makes exception of the article of death and of necessity. Therefore, the Holy Spirit, acting in the Pope, does well for us, when the latter in his decrees entirely removes the article of death and extreme necessity. 丁： Daher handelt der Heilige Geist, der durch den Papst wirkt, uns gegenüber gut, wenn er in seinen Erlassen immer den Fall des Todes und der höchsten Not ausnimmt. (Therefore, the Holy Spirit working through the Pope is dealing with us good, if in his decrees he always the case of death and the highest Not exception.) --------------------------------------- [诠释1阶] 5.中译有点不清楚处，就是教宗的个人权力的判罪与教会法之间的关系； "by that of"，这个"that"是修饰？ 德译按估狗翻译， "der der"，第二个"der"应该是Strafen的所有格代词， 第一个"der"应该是阳性名词主格"Grund"（理由/根基）的代词。 故子句中的"der der kirchlichen Satzungender auferlegt hat"， 应为"reason/root that has imposed penalities of canon law" 结构排起来： Der Papst will und kann keine Strafen(Akk.pl.) erlassen, ↑außer solchen, die（代Strafen） er ↑auf Grund(Akk) ↑seiner eigenen Entscheidung(Dat) oder der(N, 代Grund) ↑der(Gen.pl.代Strafen) kirchlichen Satzungen (Dat.pl.) auferlegt hat. （以上文法部份再研究...） 这样教宗依据个人权力的判罪，跟教宗依据教会法的判罪， 就是同等、不互隶属的？ 中文wiki的分段则是说： "教皇只在教会法允许的范围内有权惩罚和赦免。（#5）" 就是把教会法当作教宗权柄的根基。 有人德文比较好或可以看拉丁文的，可以再协助解答一下～ 6."遭到否认"，"were despised", "geringachten"--受到轻视、不尊重的意思。 这里应该是後面#80-#89，提到民间质疑声浪的伏笔。 7.教区神父（vicar）的角色拉出来。 神的赦罪，表现於有形的代表，就是神父提供的告解圣事。 8.悔罪条例（告解圣事[对内心]+补赎[对外体]，参#4）应只适用於活人， 不适用於死人（需参照天主教的教会法，才知道路德这边的讲法有无依据）。 9.因为悔罪条例是一种对於内心及外体的两方面对付或约束， 故在结束今生後，这两方面的约束就应该是回到神的权柄与恩典， 而不是继续在教会的地上代表或执行上面； 启14:13 我听见从天上有声音说：「你要写下：从今以後，在主里面而死的人有福了！」 圣灵说：「是的，他们息了自己的劳苦，做工的果效也随着他们。」 不知道路德是不是想到这节经文？ 但信徒的死亡，教宗代表的教会，应该是给予「安息」与「祝福」， 而非想要继续从他们身上榨出汁来（赎罪券）。 -- 你们中间有人对他们说：「平平安安地去吧！愿你们穿得暖，吃得饱」， 却不给他们身体所需用的，这有甚麽益处呢？（雅2：16） --

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