※ [本文转录自 Catholic 看板] 作者: falstaff (no day but today) 看板: Catholic 标题: [情报] 教宗谋求天主教对欧洲的政策 发挥更大的作用 时间: Tue Sep 23 12:17:52 2008 Pope Seeks Greater Role for Catholics in Europe on Policy Issues 教宗谋求天主教对欧洲的政策 发挥更大的作用 http://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/20/world/europe/20pope.html?_r=1&scp=3&sq=catholic&st=cse&oref=slogin By RACHEL DONADIO ROME — Is the Catholic Church a beleaguered underdog, fighting for a voice in secular Europe, or a still-mighty power, wielding its influence on European law through friendly center-right governments? 天主教教会对世俗的欧洲 是一个弱势者，或仍然有强大的力量， 藉着对天主教友好中间偏右的政府影响欧洲的法律? That question, which has been building momentum throughout Pope Benedict XVI’ s three-year-old papacy, came mightily to the fore in his recent trip to France. 在教宗本笃十六最近访问法国 这个问题 被强烈地提出 Yet even as the pope calls for more animated discussion of church and state and more interreligious dialogue, no one, probably not even at the Vatican, expects Europe to become newly devout any time soon. Mass attendance is at record lows, as is the number of priests. 任何人，甚至是梵蒂冈，都知道欧洲不可能短时间重新变为虔诚的。 参加弥撒的人 达到创纪录的新低，神职人员的人数也是。 Nor does anyone expect France to overturn its dearly held tenet of “laïcité ,” a strict separation of church and state, in spite of the pope’s admonition that secularism leads to nihilism and President Nicolas Sarkozy’s calls for a more “positive laïcité.” But Benedict’s insistence that religion and politics be “open” to each other — coupled with his strong renewal while in Lourdes of the church’s opposition to same-sex couples, communion for the divorced and euthanasia — sends a direct message: the church doesn’t want European law to be at odds with church teaching, and he wants Catholics to make some noise about it. 本笃在露德 强调教会反对同性婚姻 反对离婚跟安乐死 表达一个很直接的讯息: 教会不希望欧洲的法律是不符合教会的教导， 他希望天主教会能影响政策 (make some noise about it)。 This pope is looking to reconquer Europe, if not in numbers, then at the political table. 这个教宗正在寻求夺回欧洲，如果不是在人数上，至少在政治上 “Let’s not make mistakes, there are laws in Europe that the Vatican would like to change,” said John L. Allen Jr., a columnist for the National Catholic Reporter. Benedict’s remarks in France were “not an apolitical reflection,” he said. 本笃在法国的讲话不是一个非政治性的思考 The Vatican, Mr. Allen added, is concerned about “a progressive secularization of European institutions” that is “heavily influenced by the French model.” For one, European Union legislation forbids discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation. In an ongoing clash in Britain, Catholic orphanages have said they will have to shut down or break ties with the church if they are required to place children with same-sex couples. Spain legalized same-sex marriage in 2005, following the Netherlands and Belgium. 欧洲立法 禁止歧视 不能问人的性倾向 在英国，如果他们需要把儿童给与同性伴侣领养 天主教孤儿院将不得不关闭或中断与教会的关系。 西班牙同性婚姻合法化在2005年，後来荷兰和比利时也允许同性婚姻。 Some say the pope’s visit might encourage Catholics to speak up in opposition. 教宗的访问希望鼓励天主教徒能反对这些政策。 For its part, the Vatican seemed pleased with Benedict’s trip. The pope’s reception in France was “encouraging,” the Rev. Federico Lombardi, the Vatican spokesman, said in an interview this week. The climate in France, he said, indicated that “the church has a contribution to make and it’s accepted and respected as a cultural and moral force, a force of moral commitment.” 教宗访问法国的气氛 指出 天主教会作为一种文化和道义力量 被欧洲人接受以及尊重 以及被视为道德上的承诺的力量。 Benedict ostensibly traveled to France for the 150th anniversary of the year a 14-year-old peasant girl, Bernadette Soubirous, said she had visions of the Virgin Mary in a Lourdes grotto that this year is expected to draw a record eight million pilgrims. 教宗因为露德圣母150 周年访问 预估今年会有八百万人去露德朝圣 Lourdes always has epitomized “a kind of Catholic counterculture” and “the power of faith over science,” said Ruth Harris, an Oxford professor and the author of “Lourdes: Body and Spirit in the Secular Age.” Over the years, she said, the city’s popularity “gets strengthened in these periods where the republic is seen as persecuting the church.” 牛津大学的教授说的话 That may be the case today, when some devout European Catholics see themselves as a persecuted minority facing a secular hegemony. 欧洲一些虔诚的天主教徒 面对着一个世俗的霸权 认为自己是受迫害的少数人。 Sociologically, “I think papal trips perform the same function as gay pride parades,” Mr. Allen said. “It’s about a group that perceives itself as a minority that has been in their view closeted for too long and wants to take it to the streets and proclaim that ‘We’re here.’ ” Allen先生说 教宗的访问跟同性恋游行的功能类似 认为自己作为一个少数民族已经太久 希望表现天主教力量的存在 In Paris, an estimated quarter-million people turned out to hear the pope celebrate Mass at the Esplanade des Invalides, more than greeted Senator Barack Obama, the Democratic presidential nominee, in his visit to Berlin in July. And thousands of young people waited for hours to hear the pope’s address in the Cathedral of Notre-Dame. 在巴黎，估计有25万人听了教宗主持的弥撒， 超过参议员奥巴马7月 在柏林的访问的听众人数。 成千上万的年轻人在等了几小时 只为听到教宗的演说。 In today’s Europe, many Catholics “feel the need for public manifestations of who they are because they can’t rely on the institutions of the culture to transmit it,” Mr. Allen said. But that strategy has not convinced critics. Claiming victim status “is a classic move, a deft rhetorical move,” said Paolo Flores d’Arcais, the editor of the left-wing Italian journal MicroMega, who argued for atheism in a public debate against Benedict, then Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, in 2000. Some see the church as not unlike the American right, which continues to depict itself as an outside force fighting a dominant liberal culture even after eight years of Republican rule. France, Germany and Italy are now governed by church-friendly center-right coalitions. Last spring, the right made unprecedented challenges to Italy’s 30-year-old law legalizing abortion. In 2005, Italy passed a law restricting artificial insemination. 法国，德国和意大利目前由与教会友好的中间偏右联盟执政。 去年春天，意大利的堕胎合法化的法律 受到前所未有的挑战。 在2005年，意大利通过了一项法律，限制了人工授精。 “So how can you say that you’re an oppressed minority?” Mr. Flores asked. “That’s madness.” “所以你怎麽说，你是一个受压迫的少数民族？ ” 弗洛雷斯先生问。 “这是疯狂的。 ” Today, Europe is defined largely in economic, not cultural, terms. It is uncertain about its identity, its shared values, its future. Will the pope’s visit change the conversation? 今天，欧洲这个词主要是指经济的欧洲，不是文化的欧洲 “I don’t think it’ll change because the pope spoke,” said Mario Marazziti, a spokesman for the Community of Sant’Egidio, a lay Catholic group. But Benedict clearly has his sights on Europe. “It’s interesting,” Mr. Marazziti said. “The two don’t understand each other, but they talk to one another.” “我不认为这会改变” Mario说 本笃对欧洲有他的看法 这很有趣 他们互不了解 但是他们会彼此对话 --

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