本文有很多篮球专用术语，我不是很擅长，如果有问题，还请大家多多指正。 谢谢~~~ 来源 : SI.com (体育画报) 文章连结 : http://tinyurl.com/9qwbl2k Synergy Sport资料库 http://www.synergysportstech.com/ -------------- New stats on Carmelo Anthony, Amar’e Stoudemire could unlock Knicks’ offense 瓜瓜和阿骂的最新统计资料可能解放尼克队的进攻端 It’s common for players and coaches to tell reporters how simple basketball is at its core: you move the ball around, and you try to throw it in the basket. They’re oversimplifying things, of course, since any game with 10 men moving in patterns around the floor can be pretty complex to sort out. Sometimes even fundamental decisions are difficult, including: Where should the five guys on a team be when it starts a given offensive possession? Who belongs on which slice of the court? 球员和教练通常告诉记者，篮球的核心是很简单的，你运球移动，试着将球投进 篮框里。当然，他们把事情太过简化了，任何球赛，在场上有十个人，他们在球 场上移动的模式可能变得相当复杂，难以厘清。某些时候，甚至是基本的决定都 很困难，包括：这五个同一支球队的队员在发动一波进攻攻势时，谁应该在哪个 位置？谁该在球场上的哪个斜线？ The Knicks’ wild 2011-12 season provides a window into this question. Charles Oakley can talk all he wants about how Carmelo Anthony and Amar’e Stoudemire need to play better defense – he’s right — but the basic fact that defined New York’s crazy season, and the one that will define its future, is this: New York scored only 98.5 points per 100 possessions with Anthony, Stoudemire and Tyson Chandler on the court together. That’s a mark that would have tied Toronto for 25th in points per possession, per NBA.com’ s stats tool. The Knicks spent most of the season as one of the league’s 10 worst offensive teams and one of its 10 stingiest defensive teams. If the offense doesn’t improve, especially when all the high-priced stars play together, the Knicks have a limited ceiling. 尼克队疯狂的2011-12赛季，对於这个问题开启了一扇窗户。查理斯‧欧克利可以 谈论他希望瓜瓜和阿骂需要更好的防守－他是对的－但描述尼克队疯狂的球季 基本因素，而且这个因素将决定尼克的未来就是：在瓜瓜、阿骂、拳王同时在场上， 尼克队在100次进攻中，只得了98.5分。如果进攻端没有改进，特别是所有高价球星 同时在场上，尼克队的成就将很有限。 Last season, New York became one of 10 teams to purchase a multi-camera system from STATS, LLC that tracks every movement in an NBA game — of the players, the ball, the referees, etc. As I’ve written before, you can use it to measure player speed, the height of the ball on a particular rebound, how well a player shoots from a precise position on the floor, how well he shoots after one or two dribbles and lots of other things. Plucking out the useful data and making on-court adjustments based on it will be a giant challenge for the growing number of teams subscribing to a system that provides more information than any one person can handle. 上一季，尼克队是NBA十支购买了多重摄影机系统的球队之一，它能从多角度测试 球员、篮球、甚至是裁判等等。就像我以前介绍过的，你可以使用它来测量球员 的速度、测量某个特定的篮板球弹起的高度，球员在某个位置的出手命中率，或 是球员在运球一、两次後出手的命中率等等。从中撷取有用的资料，根据这些资 料在场上做调整，对引进这系统的球队而言是一个巨大的挑战，它可以提供比任 何人所能掌握的更多资料。 But there is useful data in there, including info that does more than simply confirm what we already know (i.e., Tony Parker is fast, or Kevin Durant shoots better immediately after the catch than he does after a few dribbles). One thing that seems handy to know: How do particular players function when they stand in a certain area, or catch the ball there? And how do their teams function in those situations? 通过这些测试，我们已经知道联盟速度最高的球员（例如：趴车速度很快，雷帝接 球之後立即出手的命中率高於运球後再投篮）。显而易见的是：某个球员站在某个 特定的区域，或带球到那里後，他如何行使他的职责？其他队友在这样的情况下， 该怎麽运作？ The folks at STATS gave SI.com exclusive access last week to two reports, produced for subscribing teams, that touch on this issue. The first is a report on dribble drives, tracking every time a player took the ball from an area more than 20 feet away from the basket and dribbled it to within 10 feet of the hoop. The second focuses on elbow touches — on which players receive the ball most often there, and what they do with it once they get it. 统计公司上星期向《体育画报》透露了两个引进这套系统球队的相关报告。第一是 运球突破的效率，追踪球员每次将球从离篮框20尺开外的区域，运至离篮框10尺之 内的区域；第二个焦点放在圆弧接触──球员在肘区接球後，如何处理球。 Two Knicks-related findings leap out: 与尼克队相关的两个发现如下： ‧ Of all players who drove the ball at least 40 times in camera-recorded games last season, Anthony proved to be the most efficient of anyone in the league. The Knicks scored 1.66 points per possession on trips that included an Anthony drive (from 20 feet out to 10 feet in) at any point in the possession. Anthony shot the ball on 55 percent of those drives (53 total, in 17 recorded games), a pretty normal figure for a top player at any position. He drew fouls on 25 percent of his drives, one of the half-dozen highest numbers in the sample of 91 players that STATS sent along. (Among players who piled up more than a token number of drives, only James Harden drew fouls more often.) Anthony shot a hair better than 60 percent from the floor on driving attempts. 在上一季所有出现在摄影机40次以上的球员中，瓜瓜是联盟中效率最高的。只要有 瓜瓜突破的进攻（从20英尺到10英尺的距离），尼克队平均能得1.66分。在这些突 破中，瓜瓜的出手率为55%（在17场比赛中突破後投篮53次），这个数字对於任何 位置的顶尖球员来说相当普通。其中有25%的突破造成了犯规，这个数字在91位受 测球员中名列前茅。（在这些突破次数超过一定数字的球员中，只有雷霆的哈登造 成了较高的犯规次数。）从场上突破进攻中，瓜瓜的命中率高於60%。 But here’s the thing: Despite all those touches and more isolation plays than any player in the entire league (as a share of his total possessions, per Synergy Sports), Anthony only pulled off only 3.1 drives per game in the sample size. That mark was equivalent to the numbers for Chandler Parsons and Luol Deng, a bit below those for Kevin Durant (3.6) and Paul Pierce (3.7) and about half to one-third of the number that most point guards recorded. 但这里有一点：虽然接球後比联盟里任何球员使用了更多的单打（根据Synergy Sports资料库的统计），瓜瓜平均每场只突破3.1次，这与钱德勒‧帕森斯和公牛 队的鲁蛋相似，而稍低於雷帝（3.6次）和保罗‧皮尔斯（3.7次），只有最多的後 卫的三分之一左右。 ‧ Anthony shot the ball nearly half the time that he touched it at the elbow, and he ranked No. 1, again, in points per possession recorded on all of his elbow touches. (Side note: This is an imperfect stat, since it considers the points a player produces after every elbow touch, even ones in which he passes the ball as the first ingredient in a long possession. Powerforwards touch the ball at the elbow more than anyone, with Marc Gasol, Kevin Love, Pau Gasol, Greg Monroe and LaMarcus Aldridge leading the league in touches per game, but they pass the ball about 75 percent of the time, per STATS. Their points per possession numbers by this measure are thus artificially low; Marc Gasol, for instance, shot 57 percent from the elbow but has a very low points per possession number). Anthony shot a whopping 62 percent on shots taken after an elbow touch, one of the highest numbers in the league. ‧在肘区接球时，瓜瓜有一半的时候会投篮，居联盟第一。（注：这并不是个完 整的数据调查，大前锋在肘区接球的次数比别人更多，像小嘎兽、小爱、大嘎兽、 Greg Monroe、LaMarcus Aldridge等，他们在肘区接球後有75%会传球，根据统计数 据。他们在每次进攻得到的分数在这样的统计方式下因而不自然的偏低；例如小 嘎兽，在肘区接球後57%机率会投篮，但在每次进攻所得到的分数很低。）瓜瓜 在肘区接球後投篮的命中率能达到62%，在联盟中名列前茅。 Taken together, these stats tell us that Anthony is an enormously powerful force when he attacks the basket from far outside. Watch video of all his shot attempts within five feet of the rim, as I did via NBA.com’s fantastic stats database, and it’s easy to see why. Melo loves to drive from the deep wing area, especially from the left side, where he is dynamite at faking right and squeezing along the left baseline for a right-handed lay-up. (His dependence on right-handed finishes can get him in trouble on the left side if a shot-blocker is around). He’s deadly driving from the elbow areas, with a tendency to go left and a first step too good for almost every defender — especially the power forwards who defended him late in the season, a subject we’ll pick up again later. 整合这些统计资料告诉我们，当瓜瓜从远处攻击篮框时，他是个强而有力的进攻 武器。观看他在篮框五尺内每次投篮进攻的录影带，就像我透过NBA.com的数据资 料库所做的一样，很容易看出理由为何。瓜瓜喜欢从翼区深处突破，特别是从左 边，在那里他就像炸药一样，做右边的假动作，在左边底线处争夺篮板，左手上 篮。（他用右手完成进攻可以让他摆脱左边的麻烦，尤其是当附近有人防守时）。 他在肘区绕到左边踏出第一步，几乎每个防守者都难以防守他致命的突破—特别 是在季赛末期，大前锋防守他的时候，等等我们会再来谈这个主题。 And even more interesting: Anthony is quite a polished pick-and-roll scorer when he starts from above the three-point line and has space to get going. He flies around that pick, and when a big man help defender meets him at the foul line, Anthony has a go-to move that few can stop. He sort of fakes a right-to-left crossover before pulling the ball back to his right and powering to the hoop. 更有趣的是：瓜瓜在三分线附近时的挡拆非常有效，在他突破之後，如果罚球线 附近有大个子来补防，他一般会做个假动作，从右向左胯下运球，然後再把球交 到右手，最後攻击篮框。 On one hand, this confirms some obvious stuff: Isolation 20-footers are bad; attacking the rim is good. But it also raises very thorny questions about how the Knicks’ offense should look, especially after the Olympics, when Anthony thrived as a spot-up shooter behind the shorter FIBA three-point line. 一方面，很明显可以肯定的是：在20英尺处单打不好；在肘区边缘进攻很好。但这 当中仍然有很多争议之处，尼克队的进攻端应该看看，特别是在奥运之後，当瓜瓜 在FIBA三分线成为策应投篮很准的射手。 Where should Anthony be in New York’s pet sets? How should he arrive at those places? How do the Knicks encourage him to take the right kinds of shots? 瓜瓜在纽约最佳的定位？他应该要怎麽达到哪些要求？尼克队如何鼓励他做出 最佳的投篮？ A related item: Stoudemire touched the ball at the elbow much more frequently than Anthony did, nearly seven times per game compared to 3.75 for Anthony, one of the 10 highest numbers in the league. He also shot the ball on 42 percent of those possessions, a very high number. There was just one problem: He was ineffective. Stoudemire shot a middling 46 percent on those elbow possessions and turned the ball over at a pretty high rate. Stoudemire is actually a decent passer when he catches above the foul line and has time to survey the floor, but he’s not near the Gasols’ level and can’t regularly punish defenses — or invigorate offenses — with his high-post passing. 一个相关的资料：阿骂是在肘区接球比瓜瓜次数要多，几乎平均每场达七次， 瓜瓜则是3.75次，他是全联盟在此接球最多的10位球员之一。阿骂的出手率为42%， 数值很高。唯一的问题是：他的效率不高，在肘区区的命中率是中等的46%，而且 经常会出现失误。在罚球线接球之时，阿骂的传球能力实际上并不强，他必须花 时间去了解球场，但他并不像嘎兽的等级，没有办法常常得到防守罚球──或是 鼓舞进攻端──在他的高位传球上。 And though Stoudemire has a useful mid-range jumper, it fell off last season, and he had trouble shooting from the elbow when he had to catch the ball on the move. (An aside: That 46 percent mark isn’t terrible; Kobe Bryant shot 41 percent after catching at the elbow, and he shot much more often than either Knick did — on a whopping 57 percent of the possessions of which he caught the ball there. But Bryant almost never turned the ball over, and he’s obviously a very skilled passer.) 虽然阿骂有着很好的中距离跳投，但上一季不管用了，而且当他必须移动接球时 ，他在肘区线投篮的命中率有了麻烦。（注：46%命中率看起来不太糟；老大在 肘区线接球的命中率为41%，而他比尼克队的投篮次数要高──他在那里接球後 有57%会发动进攻攻势。但老大几乎不会失误，他显然是个很有技巧的传球者。） The Knicks had no time to build a complex NBA offense last season, and injuries to both Anthony and Stoudemire at different times made the task even more difficult. They relied on plenty of basic sets: high pick-and-rolls with Chandler as the most common screener, and sets in which players would be stationed at each elbow and in each corner, with Stoudemire and Anthony functioning from either spot. A lot of those wayward Stoudemire jumpers came after he cut from the corner, took a screen and caught the ball at the elbow for a catch-and-shoot jumper on the move. 尼克队上一个赛季还没有建立一个复杂的NBA进攻体系，瓜瓜和阿骂相继受伤也影响了 他们的战绩。他们依赖着基本的设定：拳王经常性的挡拆战术，大量掩护，球员在 肘区和每个角落，瓜瓜和阿骂在其中之一的点。从角落切入後阿骂大量出其不意的 跳投、掩护、和在肘区接球就投的跳投移动。 The offense didn’t work, for lots of reasons. This data might indicate that one reason was a collective failure to place every player in the “correct” spot on the floor at the right times and in the right proportions. The Knicks know about all of this data, and I suspect it played some role in Stoudemire’s training (with the team’s permission/encouragement) with Hakeem Olajuwon on low-post moves earlier this month. New York subscribed to the system midway through the season, so a disproportionate number of Anthony’s drives — plays successful enough to rank him No.1 in multiple categories here — took place during that late-season stretch during which Stoudemire was injured and Anthony shifted to power forward. 在季赛大多数时候，进攻端是不管用的。这分资料暗示着一季收集的失败，每个球 在球场上正确的地点和次数，在正确的部位。尼克队知道这全部的资料，我怀疑这 或许影响了阿骂的训练课程（在球队的许可／鼓励之下），八月初他和大梦做低位 的移动训练。透过这一季，尼克队在季中启用这套系统，所以瓜瓜使用了数量不自 然的突破──让他成功的在这个领域当中取得领先──在季赛末阿骂受伤，瓜瓜转 职担任大前锋之时。 Having one less big man on the floor opened up those driving lanes and ensured the Knicks had an extra long-range shooter when the defense collapsed. Again: This is the data asking — not answering, but asking — fundamental questions about how the Knicks’ offense should work. I can’t wait to see how New York answers them. 当防守端不管用时，如果尼克队少了一个为他们拉出空间的大个子，而且外线也 没射手的话，他们的进攻能怎麽办呢？另一方面：依资料提出问题──并非回答， 只是提问──关於尼克队的进攻端怎麽运作的基本问题。我迫不及待看尼克队怎 麽回答这些问题了。 --

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